ArticleAnalytical biochemistry2011
Gamma-glutamyl compounds: substrate specificity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase enzymes.
Article in Analytical biochemistry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Gene to Enzyme: Multidimensional Decoding of the GGT Molecular Family and Its Clinical Tumor Diagnosis.Cancer medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Gamma-glutamyltransferase and risk of cardiovascular mortality: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Cross-Platform Analysis of Endothelial Transcriptomic Changes Associated with Diabetes.Research square · 2026Article
- Article
- From Serum to Genome: γ-Glutamyltransferase Gene Family Variants Shape Ischemic Stroke Risk via Sex-Specific Gene-Environment Interactions.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- HyperpolarizedACS sensors · 2026Article
- Biomarkers in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Immunohistochemical Validation Study.Cancers · 2025Article
- High-Viability Circulating Tumor Cells Sorting From Whole Blood at Single Cell Level Using Laser-Induced Forward Transfer-Assisted Microfiltration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- A Longitudinal Increase in Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Levels, but Not in Alanine Aminotransferase Levels, Improves the Prediction of Risk of Impaired Fasting Glucose in Male.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Article
- Aberrant expression of multiple γ-glutamyltransferases is associated with tumor progression and patient outcome in prostate cancers.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Quantitative proteome analysis of LAP1-deficient human fibroblasts: A pilot approach for predicting the signaling pathways deregulated in LAP1-associated diseases.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024Article
- GGT5 as a promising prognostic biomarker and its effects on tumor cell progression in gastric cancer.Translational cancer research · 2024Article
- Glutathione‑degrading enzymes in the complex landscape of tumors (Review).International journal of oncology · 2024Review
- GGT5: a potential immunotherapy response inhibitor in gastric cancer by modulating GSH metabolism and sustaining memory CD8+ T cell infiltration.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Hypoxia exposure blunts angiogenic signaling and upregulates the antioxidant system in endothelial cells derived from elephant seals.BMC biology · 2024Article
- GGT5 facilitates migration and invasion through the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in gastric cancer.BMC medical genomics · 2024Article
- Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveal Changes in Cell Homeostasis and Energy Metabolism inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Serum Gamma Glutamyl Transferase: Understanding its Contribution as a Potential Predictor of the Occurrence of Type 2 Diabetes.Current diabetes reviews · 2024Review
- Review
- Multi-breed host rumen epithelium transcriptome and microbiome associations and their relationship with beef cattle feed efficiency.Scientific reports · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gamma-glutamyl compounds include antioxidants, inflammatory molecules, drug metabolites, and neuroactive compounds. Two cell surface enzymes that metabolize gamma-glutamyl compounds have been identified: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT1) and gamma-glutamyl leukotrienase (GGT5). There is controversy in the literature regarding the substrate specificity of these enzymes. To address this issue, we have developed a method for comprehensive kinetic analysis of compounds as substrates for GGT enzymes. Our assay is sensitive, quantitative, and conducted at physiological pH. We evaluated a series of gamma-glutamyl compounds as substrates for human GGT1 and human GGT5. The K(m) value for reduced glutathione was 11μM for both GGT1 and GGT5. However, the K(m) values for oxidized glutathione were 9μM for GGT1 and 43μM for GGT5. Our data show that the K(m) values for leukotriene C(4) are equivalent for GGT1 and GGT5 at 10.8 and 10.2μM, respectively. This assay was also used to evaluate serine-borate, a well-known inhibitor of GGT1, which was 8-fold more potent in inhibiting GGT1 than in inhibiting GGT5. These data provide essential information regarding the target enzymes for developing treatments for inflammatory diseases such as asthma and cardiovascular disease in humans. This assay is invaluable for studies of oxidative stress, drug metabolism, and other pathways that involve gamma-glutamyl compounds.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.