ArticleTraffic (Copenhagen, Denmark)2011
Forward targeting of Toxoplasma gondii proproteins to the micronemes involves conserved aliphatic amino acids.
Article in Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- HarnessingAnnals of medicine · 2026Review
- The cell cycle-regulated cytoplasmic kinase, TgCRCK1, is required for efficient propagation of human protozoan pathogen,Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
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- TgAP2X-7 is a novel cell cycle-regulated transcription factor that plays an essential role inmSphere · 2025Article
- Kinase function of TgTKL1 is essential for its role inmSphere · 2024Article
- TgTKL4 Is a Novel Kinase That Plays an Important Role inmSphere · 2023Article
- Do All Coccidia Follow the Same Trafficking Rules?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Directing traffic: Chaperone-mediated protein transport in malaria parasites.Cellular microbiology · 2020Review
- A pan-apicomplexan phosphoinositide-binding protein acts in malarial microneme exocytosis.EMBO reports · 2019Article
- Plasmodium falciparum dipeptidyl aminopeptidase 3 activity is important for efficient erythrocyte invasion by the malaria parasite.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- TgTKL1 Is a Unique Plant-Like Nuclear Kinase That Plays an Essential Role in Acute Toxoplasmosis.mBio · 2018Article
- Eimeria tenella protein trafficking: differential regulation of secretion versus surface tethering during the life cycle.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Dual role of the Toxoplasma gondii clathrin adaptor AP1 in the sorting of rhoptry and microneme proteins and in parasite division.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Article
- Structural basis of Toxoplasma gondii MIC2-associated protein interaction with MIC2.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2015Article
- Phosphorylation of a Myosin Motor by TgCDPK3 Facilitates Rapid Initiation of Motility during Toxoplasma gondii egress.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Expression of the essential Kinase PfCDPK1 from Plasmodium falciparum in Toxoplasma gondii facilitates the discovery of novel antimalarial drugs.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Article
- Cryptic organelle homology in apicomplexan parasites: insights from evolutionary cell biology.Current opinion in microbiology · 2013Article
- A novel high throughput invasion screen identifies host actin regulators required for efficient cell entry by Toxoplasma gondii.PloS one · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Like other apicomplexan parasites, Toxoplasma gondii actively invades host cells using a combination of secretory proteins and an acto-myosin motor system. Micronemes are the first set of proteins secreted during invasion that play an essential role in host cell entry. Many microneme proteins (MICs) function in protein complexes, and each complex contains at least one protein that displays a cleavable propeptide. Although MIC propeptides have been implicated in forward targeting to micronemes, the specific amino acids involved have not been identified. It was also not known if the propeptide has a general function in MICs trafficking in T. gondii and other apicomplexans. Here we show that propeptide domains are extensively interchangeable between T. gondii MICs and also with that of Eimeria tenella MIC5 (EtMIC5), suggesting a common mechanism of function. We also performed N-terminal deletion and mutational analysis of M2AP and MIC5 propeptides to show that a valine at position +3 (relative to signal peptidase cleavage) of proM2AP and a leucine at position +1 of proMIC5 are crucial for targeting to micronemes. Valine and leucine are closely related amino acids with similar side chains, implying a similar mode of function, a notion that was confirmed by correct trafficking of TgM2AP-V/L and TgMIC5-L/V substitution mutants. Propeptides of AMA1, MIC3 and EtMIC5 have valine or leucine at or near the N-termini and mutagenesis of these conserved residues validated their role in microneme trafficking. Collectively, our findings suggest that discrete, aliphatic residues at the extreme N-termini of proMICs facilitate trafficking to the micronemes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.