Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21432935›Full record

ArticleProtein science : a publication of the Protein Society2011

Effective charge measurements reveal selective and preferential accumulation of anions, but not cations, at the protein surface in dilute salt solutions.

Yatin R Gokarn, R Matthew Fesinmeyer, Atul Saluja, Vladimir Razinkov, Susan F Chase, Thomas M Laue, David N Brems

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 134 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Biomolecular Crystallisation Through Soft Templates and Seeding.Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Storage and Lyophilization of Pure Proteins.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Weak Anion Binding to Poly(The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2021
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. IgG Charge: Practical and Biological Implications.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Yatin R GokarnProcess and Product Development, Amgen Inc. Seattle, Washington 98119, USA. gokarn.yatin@gene.com
R Matthew Fesinmeyer
Atul Saluja
Vladimir Razinkov
Susan F Chase
Thomas M Laue
David N Brems
Amgen (United States) · USUniversity of New Hampshire · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Specific-ion effects are ubiquitous in nature; however, their underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Although Hofmeister-ion effects on proteins are observed at higher (>0.3 M) salt concentrations, in dilute (<0.1 M) salt solutions nonspecific electrostatic screening is considered to be dominant. Here, using effective charge (Q*) measurements of hen-egg white lysozyme (HEWL) as a direct and differential measure of ion-association, we experimentally show that anions selectively and preferentially accumulate at the protein surface even at low (<100 mM) salt concentrations. At a given ion normality (50 mN), the HEWL Q* was dependent on anion, but not cation (Li(+), Na(+), K(+), Rb(+), Cs(+), GdnH(+), and Ca(2+)), identity. The Q* decreased in the order F(-) > Cl(-) > Br(-) > NO(3)(-) ∼ I(-) > SCN(-) > ClO(4)(-) ≫ SO(4)(2-), demonstrating progressively greater binding of the monovalent anions to HEWL and also show that the SO(4)(2-) anion, despite being strongly hydrated, interacts directly with the HEWL surface. Under our experimental conditions, we observe a remarkable asymmetry between anions and cations in their interactions with the HEWL surface.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnionsCationsChickensMuramidaseSaltsSolutionsStatic ElectricityAnionsCationshen egg lysozymeMuramidaseSaltsSolutions

Identifiers

PMID21432935
PMCPMC3064836
OpenAlexW1879428958

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.