ArticleCancer2011
Rising incidence of second cancers in patients with low-risk (T1N0) thyroid cancer who receive radioactive iodine therapy.
Article in Cancer, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02408887 (Randomized Controlled Trial of Total Thyroidectomy With and Without Prophylactic Central Neck Lymph Node Dissection in Patients With Low-risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 105 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Total Thyroidectomy With and Without Prophylactic Central Neck Lymph Node Dissection in Patients With Low-risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 319 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2025 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2025Guideline
- 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2016Guideline
- Identification of Differentially Expressed Kinase and Screening Potential Anticancer Drugs in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.Disease markers · 2016Pooled it
- Management Guidelines for Children with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2015Guideline
- Low versus high radioiodine activity to ablate the thyroid after thyroidectomy for cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Endocrine · 2015Pooled it
- DNA damage in thyroid cancer patients treated with radioactive iodine in Johannesburg, South Africa.EJNMMI reports · 2026Article
- Chronotherapeutic optimization of radioactive iodine therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer: The rationale for evening administration.World journal of experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Association of high-dose radioactive iodine therapy with PPM1D-mutated clonal hematopoiesis in older individuals.Molecular oncology · 2025Article
- Age-Specific Risk of Second Primary Malignant Neoplasm After Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery · 2025Article
- Biochemical and structural response in patients with tall cell papillary thyroid cancer: a dual centre retrospective study : Early Recurrence in Tall Cell PTC.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- A Deep Learning Survival Model for Evaluating the Survival Prognosis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- The Impact of Radioactive Iodine on Outcomes Among Pediatric and Adolescent Thyroid Cancer Patients: A SEER Database Analysis.Cancers · 2025Article
- Beyond the Burn: Leukemia Threats Following Radioactive Iodine Ablation Therapy for Thyroid Cancer.Cancers · 2024Article
- Absorbed dose coefficients for pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer patients undergoing radioiodine therapy.Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection · 2024Article
- Impact of thyroid hormone replacement on the risk of second cancer after thyroidectomy: a Korean National Cohort Study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Comparison of Radioactive Iodine Activities in Terms of Short- and Long-term Results in Ablation Therapy in Patients with Low-risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.Molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy · 2023Article
- Short-Term Complications After Total Thyroidectomy in Children.The Journal of surgical research · 2023Article
- The epidemiology of lung cancer following radiation exposure.International journal of radiation biology · 2023Article
- Second Primary Malignancies in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer after Radionuclide Therapy: A Retrospective Single-Centre Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Article
- Breast cancer risk among thyroid cancer survivors and the role of I-131 treatment.British journal of cancer · 2022Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAmerican Thyroid Association guidelines currently recommend the selective use of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy in patients with well differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC). Despite these guidelines, RAI ablation has been used routinely in all but the very lowest risk patients with thyroid cancer over the last 30 years. The objective of this study was to evaluate patterns of RAI use and elevated risk of secondary primary malignancies (SPM) in patients with low-risk (T1N0) WDTC.
methodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to analyze trends in RAI use over time in the United States. To determine the excess risk of SPM, the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and excess absolute risk (EAR) of various cancers were calculated in the 2 cohorts. Between 1973 and 2007, 37,176 patients with WDTC were followed in the SEER Program, equating to 408,750 person-years at risk (PYR). In total, 14,589 patients received RAI, and SPMs were observed in 3223 patients.
resultsDuring the study period, the rate of RAI use in patients with low-risk (T1N0) WDTC increased from 3.3% to 38.1%. For low-risk patients, the SIR of SPM was 1.21 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93-1.54), and the EAR was 4.6 excess cases per 10,000 PYR. SPM with significantly elevated risk because of RAI were salivary gland malignancies (SIR = 11.13; 95% CI, 1.35-40.2) and leukemia (SIR = 5.68; 95% CI, 2.09-12.37). The excess risk of leukemia was significantly greater in patients aged <45 years (SIR = 5.32; 95% CI, 2.75-9.30) compared with the excess risk in older patients (SIR = 2.26; 95% CI, 1.43-3.39).
conclusionsThe increased risk of a SPM in patients with low-risk (T1N0) WDTC, along with a lack of data demonstrating improved survival outcomes with adjuvant RAI, provide a compelling argument in favor of rationing the use of RAI in this patient population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.