ArticleImmunology2011
Monocytes mediate shaving of B-cell-bound anti-CD20 antibodies.
Article in Immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Checkpoint Inhibition of KIR2D with the Monoclonal Antibody IPH2101 Induces Contraction and Hyporesponsiveness of NK Cells in Patients with Myeloma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2016Trial
- Bispecific Antibody-Based Combination Therapies for B-Cell Lymphomas: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- The Evolving Role of Bispecific Antibodies in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Identifying Factors Affecting the Survival of Patients with HIV-Associated B-Cell Lymphoma Using a Random Survival Forest Model.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2024Article
- Bispecific antibodies for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma: promises, unknowns, and opportunities.Blood · 2023Review
- Article
- Molecular Aspects of Resistance to Immunotherapies-Advances in Understanding and Management of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Rituximab Plus Chemotherapy Provides No Clinical Benefit in a Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Not Otherwise Specified with Aberrant Expression of CD20 and CD79a: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Mechanisms of Resistance to NK Cell Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2020Review
- Shaving Is an Epiphenomenon of Type I and II Anti-CD20-Mediated Phagocytosis, whereas Antigenic Modulation Limits Type I Monoclonal Antibody Efficacy.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Anti-CD20 Cell Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis-A Fixed Dosing Schedule for Ocrelizumab is Overkill.Drug target insights · 2017Article
- Obinutuzumab for the treatment of patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia: overview and perspective.Therapeutic advances in hematology · 2015Review
- Clinical role of obinutuzumab in the treatment of naive patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Biologics : targets & therapy · 2015Review
- Induction of interleukin-6 production by rituximab in human B cells.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2014Article
- Analyses of CD20 monoclonal antibody-mediated tumor cell killing mechanisms: rational design of dosing strategies.Molecular pharmacology · 2014Review
- Postulated mechanisms of resistance of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma to rituximab treatment regimens: strategies to overcome resistance.Seminars in oncology · 2014Review
- Glycan elongation beyond the mucin associated Tn antigen protects tumor cells from immune-mediated killing.PloS one · 2013Article
- Rituximab mediates loss of CD19 on B cells in the absence of cell death.Arthritis and rheumatism · 2012Article
- The influence of different anticoagulants and sample preparation methods on measurement of mCD14 on bovine monocytes and polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes.BMC research notes · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies are promising for the treatment of B-cell malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and autoimmune diseases where auto-antibodies play an important role. Anti-CD20 such as rituximab (RTX) mediates B-cell depletion through mechanisms such as complement-mediated cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. However, in haematological malignancies, such effector mechanisms can be saturated and result in release of malignant B cells with reduced levels of CD20. It has been hypothesized that this is the result of monocyte-mediated shaving of the CD20/RTX complex from the B-cell surface. Here, we confirm, that in vitro co-culture of human monocytes and RTX-labelled syngeneic B cells results in reduced expression of CD20/RTX complex on the B cell surface. This shaving mechanism was the result of active protease activity because EDTA and PMSF were able to mediate partial inhibition. Also, a series of alternative anti-CD20 antibodies representing both type I and type II antibodies were tested for their ability to induce the shaving reaction. These results demonstrate that a monocyte-mediated shaving reaction can lead to complete loss of most anti-CD20 antibodies from the surface of B cells even from healthy donors and this is an important obstacle for antibody-mediated immune therapy. The findings demonstrate the necessity of developing novel antibodies that maintain high effector functions without enabling activation of the shaving reaction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.