ReviewThe Indian journal of medical research2011
From cholera to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) vaccine development.
Review in The Indian journal of medical research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccines for the prevention of diarrhea due to cholera, shigella, ETEC and rotavirus.BMC public health · 2013Pooled it
- Protective antibodies against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli are generated from heat-labile toxoid vaccination and exhibit subject- and vaccine-specific diversity.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2025Trial
- Attenuating ETEC virulence using a heat-labile enterotoxin-blocking binding protein.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Isothermal amplification and colorimetric detection ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of enterotoxigenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- The Incidence and Risk Factors for EnterotoxigenicMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Protein-based vaccine candidate MecVax broadly protects against enterotoxigenicInfection and immunity · 2023Article
- A Polyvalent Adhesin-Toxoid Multiepitope-Fusion-Antigen-Induced Functional Antibodies against Five EnterotoxigenicMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Optimization of EnterotoxigenicMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Polyvalent Protein Adhesin MEFA-II Induces Functional Antibodies against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Adhesins CS7, CS12, CS14, CS17, and CS21 and Heat-Stable Toxin (STa).Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Genomics-Based Approaches for the Development of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen Vaccines.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Evaluation of Multivalent EnterotoxigenicApplied and environmental microbiology · 2022Article
- Vaccination against Bacterial Infections: Challenges, Progress, and New Approaches with a Focus on Intracellular Bacteria.Vaccines · 2022Review
- β-defensin 118 attenuates inflammation and injury of intestinal epithelial cells upon enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli challenge.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- Intradermally Administered Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Vaccine Candidate MecVax Induces Functional Serum Immunoglobulin G Antibodies against Seven Adhesins (CFA/I and CS1 through CS6) and Both Toxins (STa and LT).Applied and environmental microbiology · 2022Article
- Oral Immunogenicity of EnterotoxigenicPharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Preclinical Characterization of Immunogenicity and Efficacy against Diarrhea from MecVax, a Multivalent Enterotoxigenic E. coli Vaccine Candidate.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Early supplementation with Lactobacillus plantarum in liquid diet modulates intestinal innate immunity through toll-like receptor 4-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in young piglets challenged with Escherichia coli K88.Journal of animal science · 2021Article
- Colonization factor CS30 from enterotoxigenicVirulence · 2020Article
- Coimmunization with Two Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Fimbrial Multiepitope Fusion Antigens Induces the Production of Neutralizing Antibodies against Five ETEC Fimbriae (F4, F5, F6, F18, and F41).Applied and environmental microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It was shown earlier that immune responses against cholera toxin (CT) as well as Vibrio cholerae lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or whole bacterial cells (WC) were protective and that these different antibody specificities co-operated synergistically for protection against experimental cholera. Similarly, antibodies against the heat-labile toxin (LT) and major colonization factors (CFs) of enterotoxingenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) co-operated synergistically for protection against LT-producing ETEC expressing homologous CFs. Studies in humans revealed that repeated oral antigen administration was optimal in inducing intestinal immune responses. Based on these findings oral inactivated vaccines consisting of toxin antigen and whole cells, i.e. the licensed recombinant cholera B subunit (rCTB)-WC cholera vaccine Dukoral®, and candidate ETEC vaccines have been developed. In different trials the rCTB-WC cholera vaccine has provided very high (85-100%) short term protection, which was significantly higher than that induced by the WC component alone, whereas rCTB-WC and WC alone provided comparable (50-60%), long term protection. An oral ETEC vaccine consisting of rCTB and formalin-inactivated E. coli bacteria expressing major CFs was shown to be safe and immunogenic in adults and children in different countries. The vaccine also induced significant protection against non-mild ETEC diarrhoea, i.e. diarrhoea interfering with daily activity in American travellers but not against ETEC diarrhoea in young children in Egypt. Against this background, a modified ETEC vaccine consisting of recombinant E. coli strains overexpressing the major CFs and a more LT like hybrid toxoid (LCTBA) has been developed. This vaccine will be tested soon alone and together with a mucosal adjuvant, i.e. dmLT, in clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21415493PMC3089050W2101181380What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.