ReviewMalaria journal2011
Whole plant extracts versus single compounds for the treatment of malaria: synergy and positive interactions.
Review in Malaria journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 189 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
189 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 547 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phytochemical synergy in artemisia annua herbal tea against malaria: a systematic review of its efficacy and safety in the context of emerging Pfkelch13 resistance.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Pooled it
- Rationale for a Multi-Factorial Approach for the Reversal of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease and MCI: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
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- Polypharmacology in malaria treatment: single drugs, multiple mechanisms, greater impact.Trends in parasitology · 2026Review
- Modulatory effects ofNutrition research and practice · 2026Article
- Subcritical Water Extraction of Kānuka (Kunzea ericoides): A Qualitative Analysis of Bioactive Profile Based on Antioxidant Properties.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Article
- KoreanFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Evaluating the antifungal efficacy and bioactive metabolites of a traditional polyherbal aqueous formulation BioCC+ against Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium verticillioides.Access microbiology · 2026Article
- In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities and phytochemical screening of 80% methanol extract from Ehretia cymosa leaves.PloS one · 2026Article
- UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-based metabolomic discovery of anticancer compounds in ethanolic extracts of Ficus hispida L. f.PloS one · 2026Article
- Beyond cytotoxicity: molecular mechanisms of natural products as multi-targeting modulators and chemo-sensitizers in oncology.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
129 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn traditional medicine whole plants or mixtures of plants are used rather than isolated compounds. There is evidence that crude plant extracts often have greater in vitro or/and in vivo antiplasmodial activity than isolated constituents at an equivalent dose. The aim of this paper is to review positive interactions between components of whole plant extracts, which may explain this.
methodsNarrative review.
resultsThere is evidence for several different types of positive interactions between different components of medicinal plants used in the treatment of malaria. Pharmacodynamic synergy has been demonstrated between the Cinchona alkaloids and between various plant extracts traditionally combined. Pharmacokinetic interactions occur, for example between constituents of Artemisia annua tea so that its artemisinin is more rapidly absorbed than the pure drug. Some plant extracts may have an immunomodulatory effect as well as a direct antiplasmodial effect. Several extracts contain multidrug resistance inhibitors, although none of these has been tested clinically in malaria. Some plant constituents are added mainly to attenuate the side-effects of others, for example ginger to prevent nausea.
conclusionsMore clinical research is needed on all types of interaction between plant constituents. This could include clinical trials of combinations of pure compounds (such as artemisinin + curcumin + piperine) and of combinations of herbal remedies (such as Artemisia annua leaves + Curcuma longa root + Piper nigum seeds). The former may enhance the activity of existing pharmaceutical preparations, and the latter may improve the effectiveness of existing herbal remedies for use in remote areas where modern drugs are unavailable.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.