ArticleMolecular psychiatry2012
Is there a role for rare variants in DRD4 gene in the susceptibility for ADHD? Searching for an effect of allelic heterogeneity.
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- DRD4 48 bp multiallelic variants as age-population-specific biomarkers in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of genetic, pharmacogenetic and biochemical studies.Molecular psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- The DRD4 exon III VNTR, bupropion, and associations with prospective abstinence.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013Trial
- Association between the dopamine D4 receptor gene exon III variable number of tandem repeats and political attitudes in female Han Chinese.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2015Article
- The molecular genetic architecture of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2015Review
- Dopamine D4 receptor gene and religious affiliation correlate with dictator game altruism in males and not females: evidence for gender-sensitive gene × culture interaction.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2015Article
- Impulsive delayed reward discounting as a genetically-influenced target for drug abuse prevention: a critical evaluation.Frontiers in psychology · 2015Review
- Evolution of the MHC-DQB exon 2 in marine and terrestrial mammals.Immunogenetics · 2013Article
- DRD4 rare variants in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): further evidence from a birth cohort study.PloS one · 2013Article
- The Brazilian contribution to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder molecular genetics in children and adolescents.Genetics and molecular biology · 2012Article
- Linking dopamine neurotransmission and neurogenesis: The evolutionary history of the NTAD (NCAM1-TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2) gene cluster.Genetics and molecular biology · 2012Article
- Genetics of dopamine receptors and drug addiction.Human genetics · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although several studies have demonstrated an association between the 7-repeat (7R) allele in the 48-bp variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) in the exon 3 at dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), others failed to replicate this finding. In this study, a total of 786 individuals with ADHD were genotyped for DRD4 exon 3 VNTR. All 7R homozygous subjects were selected for VNTR re-sequencing. Subjects homozygous for the 4R allele were selected paired by age, ancestry and disorder subtypes in order to have a sample as homogeneous as possible with 7R/7R individuals. Using these criteria, 103 individuals (66 with ADHD and 37 control individuals) were further investigated. An excess of rare variants were observed in the 7R alleles of ADHD patient when compared with controls (P=0.031). This difference was not observed in 4R allele. Furthermore, nucleotide changes that predict synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions were more common in the 7R sample (P=0.008 for total substitutions and P=0.043 for non-synonymous substitutions). In silico prediction of structural/functional alterations caused by these variants have also been observed. Our findings suggest that not only repeat length but also DNA sequence should be assessed to better understand the role of DRD4 exon 3 VNTR in ADHD genetic susceptibility.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.