Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21402950›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011

TNF-alpha from inflammatory dendritic cells (DCs) regulates lung IL-17A/IL-5 levels and neutrophilia versus eosinophilia during persistent fungal infection.

Mingjian Fei, Shikha Bhatia, Timothy B Oriss, Manohar Yarlagadda, Anupriya Khare, Shizuo Akira, Shinobu Saijo, Yoichiro Iwakura, Beth A Fallert Junecko, Todd A Reinhart and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 131 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Amphibian (Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  3. Mgl2Nature communications · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Studies in mycology · 2021
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Mingjian FeiDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Shikha Bhatia
Timothy B Oriss
Manohar Yarlagadda
Anupriya Khare
Shizuo Akira
Shinobu Saijo
Yoichiro Iwakura
Beth A Fallert Junecko
Todd A Reinhart
Oded Foreman
Prabir Ray
Jay Kolls
Anuradha Ray
Pulmonary and Allergy Associates · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USTokyo University of Science · JPJackson Laboratory · USLouisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans · USOsaka International University · JP

Funding

University of Pittsburgh Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000005 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI REIS, STEVEN E · 2012 to 2015
$50.8M
Surrogate Biomarkers for Disease Progression in IPFP50HL084932 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI RAY, ANURADHA · 2006 to 2010
$12.2M
MECHANISMS OF ANTIGEN INDUCED TOLERANCE IN THE LUNGR01AI048927 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI RAY, ANURADHA · 2001 to 2020
$8.0M
DC-T Cell Interactions in Pulmonary Immune ResponsesR01HL077430 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI RAY, ANURADHA · 2004 to 2012
$3.0M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000005NHLBI NIH HHS HL 077430NHLBI NIH HHS HL 084932NHLBI NIH HHS P50 HL084932NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL077430NIAID NIH HHS AI 048927NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI048927
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aspergillus fumigatus is commonly associated with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patients with severe asthma in which chronic airway neutrophilia predicts a poor outcome. We were able to recapitulate fungus-induced neutrophilic airway inflammation in a mouse model in our efforts to understand the underlying mechanisms. However, neutrophilia occurred in a mouse strain-selective fashion, providing us with an opportunity to perform a comparative study to elucidate the mechanisms involved. Here we show that TNF-α, largely produced by Ly6c(+)CD11b(+) dendritic cells (DCs), plays a central role in promoting IL-17A from CD4(+) T cells and collaborating with it to induce airway neutrophilia. Compared with C57BL/6 mice, BALB/c mice displayed significantly more TNF-α-producing DCs and macrophages in the lung. Lung TNF-α levels were drastically reduced in CD11c-DTR BALB/c mice depleted of CD11c+ cells, and TNF-α-producing Ly6c(+)CD11b(+) cells were abolished in Dectin-1(-/-) and MyD88(-/-) BALB/c mice. TNF-α deficiency itself blunted accumulation of inflammatory Ly6c(+)CD11b(+) DCs. Also, lack of TNF-α decreased IL-17A but promoted IL-5 levels, switching inflammation from a neutrophil to eosinophil bias resembling that in C57BL/6 mice. The TNF-α(low) DCs in C57BL/6 mice contained more NF-κB p50 homodimers, which are strong repressors of TNF-α transcription. Functionally, collaboration between TNF-α and IL-17A triggered significantly higher levels of the neutrophil chemoattractants keratinocyte cytokine and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 in BALB/c mice. Our study identifies TNF-α as a molecular switch that orchestrates a sequence of events in DCs and CD4 T cells that promote neutrophilic airway inflammation.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntigens, CDCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesDendritic CellsEosinophiliaHumansInterleukin-17Interleukin-5LungMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C57BLNeutrophilsNF-kappa BPulmonary AspergillosisToll-Like Receptor 2Antigens, CDInterleukin-17Interleukin-5NF-kappa BToll-Like Receptor 2Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID21402950
PMCPMC3069210
OpenAlexW2011325395

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.