Trial reportPsychopharmacology2011
Clonidine blocks stress-induced craving in cocaine users.
Trial report in Psychopharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- A day-by-day prospective analysis of stress, craving and risk of next day alcohol intake during alcohol use disorder treatment.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- Using ecological momentary assessment to examine the relationship between craving and affect with opioid use in a clinical trial of clonidine as an adjunct medication to buprenorphine treatment.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2018Trial
- Clonidine Maintenance Prolongs Opioid Abstinence and Decouples Stress From Craving in Daily Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial With Ecological Momentary Assessment.The American journal of psychiatry · 2015Trial
- Impact of acute guanfacine administration on stress and cue reactivity in cocaine-dependent individuals.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2015Trial
- Yohimbine administration and cue-reactivity in cocaine-dependent individuals.Psychopharmacology · 2014Trial
- Assessment of safety, cardiovascular and subjective effects after intravenous cocaine and lofexidine.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2014Trial
- Yohimbine increases opioid-seeking behavior in heroin-dependent, buprenorphine-maintained individuals.Psychopharmacology · 2013Trial
- Dynamic Alterations in the Blood Transcriptome Characterize Drug Use Behavior and Co-Morbidities in Cocaine Use Disorder: A Preliminary Study.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Cocaine Cues Used in Experimental Research: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Similarities and Differences in Neurobiology.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- The Neurocircuitry of Substance Use Disorder, Treatment, and Change: A Resource for Clinical Psychiatrists.The American journal of psychiatry · 2024Review
- Dynamic alterations in gene co-expression networks and gene-transcript associations characterize co-morbidities in cocaine use disorder.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Pharmacological Treatments for Cocaine Craving: What Is the Way Forward? A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Regulation of cocaine seeking behavior by locus coeruleus noradrenergic activity in the ventral tegmental area is time- and contingency-dependent.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Consideration of sex as a biological variable in the translation of pharmacotherapy for stress-associated drug seeking.Neurobiology of stress · 2021Review
- Beyond abstinence and relapse II: momentary relationships between stress, craving, and lapse within clusters of patients with similar patterns of drug use.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Midcingulate Cortical Activations Interrelate Chronic Craving and Physiological Responses to Negative Emotions in Cocaine Addiction.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2021Article
- Neurochemical mechanisms and neurocircuitry underlying the contribution of stress to cocaine seeking.Journal of neurochemistry · 2021Review
- Improving translation of animal models of addiction and relapse by reverse translation.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2020Review
- Effects of theThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleReactivity to stressors and environmental cues, a putative cause of relapse in addiction, may be a useful target for relapse-prevention medication. In rodents, alpha-2 adrenergic agonists such as clonidine block stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking, but not drug cue-induced reinstatement.
objectiveThe objective of this study is to test the effect of clonidine on stress- and cue-induced craving in human cocaine users.
methodsHealthy, non-treatment-seeking cocaine users (n = 59) were randomly assigned to three groups receiving clonidine 0, 0.1, or 0.2 mg orally under double-blind conditions. In a single test session, each participant received clonidine or placebo followed 3 h later by exposure to two pairs of standardized auditory-imagery scripts (neutral/stress and neutral/drug). Subjective measures of craving were collected.
resultsSubjective responsivity ("crave cocaine" Visual Analog Scale) to stress scripts was significantly attenuated in the 0.1- and 0.2-mg clonidine groups; for drug-cue scripts, this attenuation occurred only in the 0.2-mg group. Other subjective measures of craving showed similar patterns of effects but Dose × Script interactions were not significant.
conclusionsClonidine was effective in reducing stress-induced (and, at a higher dose, cue-induced) craving in a pattern consistent with preclinical findings, although this was significant on only one of several measures. Our results, though modest and preliminary, converge with other evidence to suggest that alpha-2 adrenergic agonists may help prevent relapse in drug abusers experiencing stress or situations that remind them of drug use.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.