ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2011
Cumulative mechanisms of lymphoid tissue fibrosis and T cell depletion in HIV-1 and SIV infections.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 202 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
202 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 300 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of HIV coinfection on mpox patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Pooled it
- LN-Derived Fibroblastic Reticular Cells and Their Impact on T Cell Response-A Systematic Review.Cells · 2021Pooled it
- The Hitchhiker Guide to CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Incomplete ART adherence is associated with higher inflammation in individuals who achieved virologic suppression in the START study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Trial
- CD8+ T cells with high TGF‑β1 expression cause lymph node fibrosis following HIV infection.Molecular medicine reports · 2018Trial
- Repeated Cycles of Recombinant Human Interleukin 7 in HIV-Infected Patients With Low CD4 T-Cell Reconstitution on Antiretroviral Therapy: Results of 2 Phase II Multicenter Studies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Trial
- Low antigen-specific CD4 T-cell immune responses despite normal absolute CD4 counts after long-term antiretroviral therapy an African cohort.Immunology letters · 2014Trial
- Early but limited effects of raltegravir intensification on CD4 T cell reconstitution in HIV-infected patients with an immunodiscordant response to antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2013Trial
- Oral serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin improves duodenal immune reconstitution and absorption function in patients with HIV enteropathy.AIDS (London, England) · 2013Trial
- Long-term effects of intermittent IL-2 in HIV infection: extended follow-up of the INSIGHT STALWART Study.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Lymphoid tissue damage in HIV-1 infection depletes naïve T cells and limits T cell reconstitution after antiretroviral therapy.PLoS pathogens · 2012Trial
- Article
- The Gut-Immune Axis in Treated HIV Infection: From Mucosal Damage to Chronic Inflammation and Therapeutic Opportunities-A Clinician-Oriented Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Impact of a factor Xa inhibitor (apixaban) on SIV pathogenesis and response to antiretroviral therapy.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Issues and missed opportunities in lymph node assessment after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.The Journal of pathology · 2025Review
- A decreased proportion of naïve MAIT cells is associated with the incomplete immune reconstitution in antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV-1 patients.Virologica Sinica · 2025Article
- Pneumococcal vaccine hyporesponsiveness in people living with HIV: A narrative review of immunological mechanisms and insights from minimally invasive lymph node sampling.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- T cell-mediated SIV dissemination into the CNS: a single-cell transcriptomic analysis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Review
- Pathological Mechanisms Involved in HIV-Associated Lymphomagenesis: Novel Targeted Therapeutic Approaches.Cells · 2025Review
142 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The hallmark of HIV-1 and SIV infections is CD4(+) T cell depletion. Both direct cell killing and indirect mechanisms related to immune activation have been suggested to cause the depletion of T cells. We have now identified a mechanism by which immune activation-induced fibrosis of lymphoid tissues leads to depletion of naive T cells in HIV-1 infected patients and SIV-infected rhesus macaques. The T regulatory cell response to immune activation increased procollagen production and subsequent deposition as fibrils via the TGF-β1 signaling pathway and chitinase 3-like-1 activity in fibroblasts in lymphoid tissues from patients infected with HIV-1. Collagen deposition restricted T cell access to the survival factor IL-7 on the fibroblastic reticular cell (FRC) network, resulting in apoptosis and depletion of T cells, which, in turn, removed a major source of lymphotoxin-β, a survival factor for FRCs during SIV infection in rhesus macaques. The resulting loss of FRCs and the loss of IL-7 produced by FRCs may thus perpetuate a vicious cycle of depletion of T cells and the FRC network. Because this process is cumulative, early treatment and antifibrotic therapies may offer approaches to moderate T cell depletion and improve immune reconstitution during HIV-1 infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.