ArticleJournal of virology2011
Innate immune evasion mediated by the Ambystoma tigrinum virus eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha homologue.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dissection of the global responses of mandarin fish pyloric cecum to an acute ranavirus (MRV) infection reveals the formation of serositis and then ascites.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Age- and dose-dependent susceptibility of axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) by bath exposure to Ambystoma tigrinum virus (ATV).Virology · 2023Article
- Genome Characteristics of Two Ranavirus Isolates from Mandarin Fish and Largemouth Bass.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Development of a gene-deleted live attenuated candidate vaccine against fish virus (ISKNV) with low pathogenicity and high protection.iScience · 2021Article
- The Immune System and the Antiviral Responses in Chinese Giant Salamander,Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- The Ambystoma tigrinum virus (ATV) RNase III gene can modulate host PKR activation and interferon production.Virology · 2017Article
- Article
- Xenopus-FV3 host-pathogen interactions and immune evasion.Virology · 2017Article
- Recombinant Ranaviruses for Studying Evolution of Host-Pathogen Interactions in Ectothermic Vertebrates.Viruses · 2016Review
- Identification of essential and non-essential genes in Ambystoma tigrinum virus.Virus research · 2016Article
- Article
- Establishment of a Zebrafish Infection Model for the Study of Wild-Type and Recombinant European Sheatfish Virus.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Prominent amphibian (Xenopus laevis) tadpole type III interferon response to the frog virus 3 ranavirus.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Phylogeny and differentiation of reptilian and amphibian ranaviruses detected in Europe.PloS one · 2015Article
- Article
- Ranaviruses: not just for frogs.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- Recent advances in understanding viral evasion of type I interferon.Immunology · 2013Review
- Immune evasion strategies of ranaviruses and innate immune responses to these emerging pathogens.Viruses · 2012Review
- The genome sequence of the emerging common midwife toad virus identifies an evolutionary intermediate within ranaviruses.Journal of virology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ranaviruses (family Iridoviridae, genus Ranavirus) are large, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses whose replication is restricted to ectothermic vertebrates. Many highly pathogenic members of the genus Ranavirus encode a homologue of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α). Data in a heterologous vaccinia virus system suggest that the Ambystoma tigrinum virus (ATV) eIF2α homologue (vIF2αH; open reading frame [ORF] 57R) is involved in evading the host innate immune response by degrading the interferon-inducible, dsRNA-activated protein kinase, PKR. To test this hypothesis directly, the ATV vIF2αH gene (ORF 57R) was deleted by homologous recombination, and a selectable marker was inserted in its place. The ATVΔ57R virus has a small plaque phenotype and is 8-fold more sensitive to interferon than wild-type ATV (wtATV). Infection of fish cells with the ATVΔ57R virus leads to eIF2α phosphorylation, in contrast to infection with wtATV, which actively inhibits eIF2α phosphorylation. The inability of ATVΔ57R to prevent phosphorylation of eIF2α correlates with degradation of fish PKZ, an interferon-inducible enzyme that is closely related to mammalian PKR. In addition, salamanders infected with ATVΔ57R displayed an increased time to death compared to that of wtATV-infected salamanders. Therefore, in a biologically relevant system, the ATV vIF2αH gene acts as an innate immune evasion factor, thereby enhancing virus pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.