Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21388893›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2011

Intracranial atherosclerosis as a contributing factor to Alzheimer's disease dementia.

Alex E Roher, Suzanne L Tyas, Chera L Maarouf, Ian D Daugs, Tyler A Kokjohn, Mark R Emmerling, Zsolt Garami, Marek Belohlavek, Marwan N Sabbagh, Lucia I Sue and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
80citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

80 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 145 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Intracranial stenosis and longitudinal progression of Alzheimer's disease pathologies.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
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  16. Intracranial atherosclerotic disease and neurodegeneration: a narrative review and plausible mechanisms.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2024
    Review
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20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Alex E RoherThe Longtine Center for Neurodegenerative Biochemistry, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA. alex.roher@bannerhealth.com
Suzanne L Tyas
Chera L Maarouf
Ian D Daugs
Tyler A Kokjohn
Mark R Emmerling
Zsolt Garami
Marek Belohlavek
Marwan N Sabbagh
Lucia I Sue
Thomas G Beach
Banner Sun Health Research Institute · USCenter for Clinical Research (United States) · USHouston Methodist · USMayo Clinic in Arizona · USUniversity of Waterloo · CA

Funding

Research Education ComponentP30AG019610 · NIA · SUN HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI GONZALEZ HERNANDEZ, GRACIELA · 2001 to 2020
$32.5M
APP/AB/Tau biochemistry in transgenic mice, familial and sporadic ADR01AG019795 · NIA · SUN HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI ROHER, ALEX E · 2001 to 2013
$3.8M
AMYLOIDOGENIC EFFECTS OF CHOLINERGIC DENERVATIONR01NS038674 · NINDS · SUN HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI BEACH, THOMAS G · 2000 to 2002
$885k
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG019610NIA NIH HHS P30 AG-19610NIA NIH HHS R01 AG019795NIA NIH HHS R01-AG19795NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS038674NINDS NIH HHS R01-NS38674
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA substantial body of evidence collected from epidemiologic, correlative, and experimental studies strongly associates atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD) with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Depending on the precise interrelationship between AVD and AD, systematic application of interventions used to maintain vascular health and function as a component of standard AD therapy offers the prospect of mitigating the presently inexorable course of dementia. To assess this hypothesis, it is vital to rigorously establish the measures of AVD that are most strongly associated with an AD diagnosis.

methodsA precise neuropathological diagnosis was established for all subjects, using a battery of genetic, clinical, and histological methods. The severity of atherosclerosis in the circle of Willis was quantified by direct digitized measurement of arterial occlusion in postmortem specimens and was compared between AD and nondemented control groups by calculating a corresponding index of occlusion.

resultsAtherosclerotic occlusion of the circle of Willis arteries was more extensive in the AD group than in the nondemented control group. Statistically significant differences were also observed between control and AD groups with regard to Braak stage, total plaque score, total neurofibrillary tangle score, total white matter rarefaction score, brain weight, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, and apolipoprotein E allelic frequencies.

conclusionsOur results, combined with a consideration of the multifaceted effects of impaired cerebral circulation, suggest an immediate need for prospective clinical trials to assess the efficacy of AD prevention using antiatherosclerotic agents.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseApolipoprotein E4Circle of WillisDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansIntracranial ArteriosclerosisMaleNeurofibrillary TanglesPlaque, AmyloidPostmortem ChangesPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesRisk FactorsVascular DiseasesApolipoprotein E4

Identifiers

PMID21388893
PMCPMC3117084
OpenAlexW2043824040

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.