ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Hunter-gatherer genomic diversity suggests a southern African origin for modern humans.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 177 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
177 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- NAT2 global landscape: Genetic diversity and acetylation statuses from a systematic review.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Neandertal demise: an archaeological analysis of the modern human superiority complex.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- Genomic evidence for shared common ancestry of East African hunting-gathering populations and insights into local adaptation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Trial
- Recovering the precolonial population structure of Khoe-San descendant populations.Science advances · 2026Article
- Reflections on the Human Genome Diversity Project: a conversation with Marcus W. Feldman, Henry T. Greely, and Mary-Claire King.Genetics · 2026Article
- Recovering the pre-colonial population structure of Khoe-San descendant populations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Indian Ocean slave trade and colonial expansion resulted in strong sex-biased admixture in South Africa.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association analyses reveal susceptibility variants linked to Parkinson's disease in the South African population using inferred global and local ancestry.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- A structured coalescent model reveals deep ancestral structure shared by all modern humans.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Joint identity among loci under mutation and regular inbreeding.Theoretical population biology · 2024Article
- High-resolution African HLA resource uncovers HLA-DRB1 expression effects underlying vaccine response.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- A harmonized public resource of deeply sequenced diverse human genomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- MULT: An allometric body mass index (ABMI) reference to assess nutritional status of multiethnic children and adolescents.PloS one · 2024Article
- Article
- Hunter-gatherer genetics research: Importance and avenues.Evolutionary human sciences · 2024Article
- Increased homozygosity due to endogamy results in fitness consequences in a human population.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Ethical considerations when co-analyzing ancient DNA and data from private genetic databases.American journal of human genetics · 2023Review
- The genetic legacy of African Americans from Catoctin Furnace.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Spatial and temporal diversity of positive selection on shared haplotypes at the PSCA locus among worldwide human populations.Heredity · 2023Article
117 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Africa is inferred to be the continent of origin for all modern human populations, but the details of human prehistory and evolution in Africa remain largely obscure owing to the complex histories of hundreds of distinct populations. We present data for more than 580,000 SNPs for several hunter-gatherer populations: the Hadza and Sandawe of Tanzania, and the ≠Khomani Bushmen of South Africa, including speakers of the nearly extinct N|u language. We find that African hunter-gatherer populations today remain highly differentiated, encompassing major components of variation that are not found in other African populations. Hunter-gatherer populations also tend to have the lowest levels of genome-wide linkage disequilibrium among 27 African populations. We analyzed geographic patterns of linkage disequilibrium and population differentiation, as measured by F(ST), in Africa. The observed patterns are consistent with an origin of modern humans in southern Africa rather than eastern Africa, as is generally assumed. Additionally, genetic variation in African hunter-gatherer populations has been significantly affected by interaction with farmers and herders over the past 5,000 y, through both severe population bottlenecks and sex-biased migration. However, African hunter-gatherer populations continue to maintain the highest levels of genetic diversity in the world.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.