Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21381182›Full record

ReviewGenesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000)2011

Mechanisms that underlie co-variation of the brain and face.

Ralph S Marcucio, Nathan M Young, Diane Hu, Benedikt Hallgrimsson

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
97citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

97 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Isolated frontosphenoidal suture synostoses: report of two cases and literature review.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Observational
  5. Article
  6. Article
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  8. A head start: The relationship of placental factors to craniofacial and brain development.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ralph S MarcucioUniversity of California, San Francisco, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California 94110, USA. ralph.marcucio@ucsf.edu
Nathan M Young
Diane Hu
Benedikt Hallgrimsson

Funding

The role of continuous phenotypic variation in structural defects of the faceR01DE019638 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Benedikt Hallgrimsson, Ralph S Marcucio · 2010 to 2026
$7.3M
MOLECULAR BASIS OF TISSUE INTERACTIONS THAT REGULATE CRANIOFACIAL DEVELOPMENTR01DE018234 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MARCUCIO, RALPH S · 2007 to 2017
$3.5M
Developmental mechanisms underlying genotype-phenotype correlationsR01DE021708 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HALLGRIMSSON, BENEDIKT, MARCUCIO, RALPH S · 2011 to 2015
$1.9M
A Molecular Investigation of Growth and Shape Variation in Cleft-Lip EtiologyF32DE018596 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI YOUNG, NATHAN MICHAEL · 2007 to 2008
$109k
NIDCR NIH HHS F32 DE018596NIDCR NIH HHS F32DE018596NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE018234NIDCR NIH HHS R01DE018234NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE019638NIDCR NIH HHS R01DE019638NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE021708
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The effect of the brain on the morphology of the face has long been recognized in both evolutionary biology and clinical medicine. In this work, we describe factors that are active between the development of the brain and face and how these might impact craniofacial variation. First, there is the physical influence of the brain, which contributes to overall growth and morphology of the face through direct structural interactions. Second, there is the molecular influence of the brain, which signals to facial tissues to establish signaling centers that regulate patterned growth. Importantly, subtle alterations to these physical or molecular interactions may contribute to both normal and abnormal variation. These interactions are therefore critical to our understanding of how a diversity of facial morphologies can be generated both within species and across evolutionary time.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainEpithelial CellsFaceFacial BonesGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHumansMesodermMorphogenesisSignal TransductionSpecies Specificity

Identifiers

PMID21381182
PMCPMC3086711

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.