Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21381009›Full record

ArticleCancer2011

Autoimmune disease and subsequent risk of developing alimentary tract cancers among 4.5 million US male veterans.

Annelie M Landgren, Ola Landgren, Gloria Gridley, Graça M Dores, Martha S Linet, Lindsay M Morton

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
71citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
7.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

71 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 145 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Colonic neoplasia and celiac disease: A systematic review.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pancreatic Cancer in Celiac Disease Patients-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. A systematic review of the incidence and prevalence of cancer in multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2015
    Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Article
  11. Comparison of clinicopathological features of gastric carcinoma in autoimmune gastritis with and without Helicobacter pylori infection.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
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  15. Review
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  18. Article
  19. Unraveling the Mysteries of Autoimmune Gastritis.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2024
    Review
  20. Article

11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Annelie M LandgrenRadiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.
Ola Landgren
Gloria Gridley
Graça M Dores
Martha S Linet
Lindsay M Morton
National Cancer Institute · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Population based studiesZIABC011205 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI LANDGREN, OLA · 2009 to 2014
$858k
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 CA999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAutoimmunity is clearly linked with hematologic malignancies, but less is known about autoimmunity and alimentary tract cancer risk, despite the specific targeting of alimentary organs and tissues by several autoimmune diseases. The authors therefore conducted the first systematic evaluation of a broad range of specific autoimmune diseases and risk for subsequent alimentary tract cancer.

methodsOn the basis of 4,501,578 US male veterans, the authors identified 96,277 men who developed alimentary tract cancer during up to 26.2 years of follow-up. By using Poisson regression methods, the authors calculated relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals.

resultsA history of autoimmune disease with localized alimentary tract effects generally increased cancer risks in the organ(s) affected by the autoimmune disease, such as primary biliary cirrhosis and liver cancer (RR, 6.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.76-7.57); pernicious anemia and stomach cancer (RR, 3.17; 95% CI, 2.47-4.07); and ulcerative colitis and small intestine, colon, and rectal cancers (RR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.05-6.11; RR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.70-2.48; and RR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.62-2.64, respectively). In addition, a history of celiac disease, reactive arthritis (Reiter disease), and systemic sclerosis all were associated significantly with increased risk of esophageal cancer (RR, 1.86-2.86). Autoimmune diseases without localized alimentary tract effects generally were not associated with alimentary tract cancer risk, with the exception of decreased risk for multiple alimentary tract cancers associated with a history of multiple sclerosis.

conclusionsThese findings support the importance of localized inflammation in alimentary tract carcinogenesis. Future research is needed to confirm the findings and improve understanding of underlying mechanisms by which autoimmune diseases contribute to alimentary tract carcinogenesis.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAutoimmune DiseasesCarcinomaGastrointestinal NeoplasmsGastrointestinal TractHumansInflammationMaleMiddle AgedRiskUnited StatesVeteransYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID21381009
PMCPMC3052786
OpenAlexW2074358609

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.