ArticlePLoS pathogens2011
Innate sensing of HIV-infected cells.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 188 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 and Its Strategy for Hiding Viral cDNA from STING-Mediated Innate Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Biological sex and age influence GS-9620 activity ex vivo.JCI insight · 2025Article
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- Metabolic deficiencies underlie reduced plasmacytoid dendritic cell IFN-I production following viral infection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Review
- Cell-free assays reveal that the HIV-1 capsid protects reverse transcripts from cGAS immune sensing.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Sensing of an HIV-1-Derived Single-Stranded RNA-Oligonucleotide Induces Arginase 1-Mediated Tolerance.Cells · 2024Article
- MiR-155 Negatively Regulates Anti-Viral Innate Responses among HIV-Infected Progressors.Viruses · 2023Article
- HIV Infection: Shaping the Complex, Dynamic, and Interconnected Network of the Cytoskeleton.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Consequences of HIV infection in the bone marrow niche.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Y RNAs are conserved endogenous RIG-I ligands across RNA virus infection and are targeted by HIV-1.iScience · 2022Article
- Article
- Review
- Differential Inhibition of HIV Replication by the 12 Interferon Alpha Subtypes.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Article
- ILF3 Is a Negative Transcriptional Regulator of Innate Immune Responses and Myeloid Dendritic Cell Maturation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Sex Differences in Primary HIV Infection: Revisiting the Role of TLR7-Driven Type 1 IFN Production by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Women.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Platelets Endocytose Viral Particles and Are Activated via TLR (Toll-Like Receptor) Signaling.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2020Article
- TLR7 dosage polymorphism shapes interferogenesis and HIV-1 acute viremia in women.JCI insight · 2020Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cell-free HIV-1 virions are poor stimulators of type I interferon (IFN) production. We examined here how HIV-infected cells are recognized by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and by other cells. We show that infected lymphocytes are more potent inducers of IFN than virions. There are target cell-type differences in the recognition of infected lymphocytes. In primary pDCs and pDC-like cells, recognition occurs in large part through TLR7, as demonstrated by the use of inhibitors and by TLR7 silencing. Donor cells expressing replication-defective viruses, carrying mutated reverse transcriptase, integrase or nucleocapsid proteins induced IFN production by target cells as potently as wild-type virus. In contrast, Env-deleted or fusion defective HIV-1 mutants were less efficient, suggesting that in addition to TLR7, cytoplasmic cellular sensors may also mediate sensing of infected cells. Furthermore, in a model of TLR7-negative cells, we demonstrate that the IRF3 pathway, through a process requiring access of incoming viral material to the cytoplasm, allows sensing of HIV-infected lymphocytes. Therefore, detection of HIV-infected lymphocytes occurs through both endosomal and cytoplasmic pathways. Characterization of the mechanisms of innate recognition of HIV-infected cells allows a better understanding of the pathogenic and exacerbated immunologic events associated with HIV infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.