ReviewNeurobiology of learning and memory2011
Aberrant learning and memory in addiction.
Review in Neurobiology of learning and memory, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 121 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
121 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 222 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impairing memory reconsolidation with propranolol in healthy and clinical samples: a meta-analysis.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPNPooled it
- Effect of conditioned stimuli-triggered memory retrieval-extinction in patients with methamphetamine use disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Neural substrates of propranolol-induced impairments in the reconsolidation of nicotine-associated memories in smokers.Translational psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Ketamine can reduce harmful drinking by pharmacologically rewriting drinking memories.Nature communications · 2019Trial
- Effect of a Brief Memory Updating Intervention on Smoking Behavior: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Effect of Alcohol on Encoding and Consolidation of Memory for Alcohol-Related Images.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2016Trial
- Amphetamine fails to alter cued recollection of emotional images: study of encoding, retrieval, and state-dependency.PloS one · 2014Trial
- A double blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of post-retrieval propranolol on reconsolidation of memory for craving and cue reactivity in cocaine dependent humans.Psychopharmacology · 2013Trial
- A preliminary study of the neural effects of behavioral therapy for substance use disorders.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2012Trial
- Hederagenin Attenuates Morphine Addiction via GABAA1-Mediated Modulation of CaAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Reward Prediction Errors Drive Reinforcement Learning and Recognition Memory: Gender Differences in Methamphetamine Abusers.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Acquisition-Recruited and MOR-Expressing Striatal dMSNs Differentially Regulate Extinction and Cue-Induced Relapse of Alcohol Seeking.Addiction biology · 2026Article
- Dual-engram architecture within a single striatal cell type distinctly controls alcohol relapse and extinction.Neuron · 2026Article
- Extinction Training Suppresses Alcohol Relapse by Inhibiting Acquisition-Recruited Striatal Ensembles and Engaging Striosomal Neurons.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Alpha-pinene modulates hippocampal MAPKs/c-Fos pathways during morphine dependence and withdrawal in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Dual Engram Architecture within a Single Striatal Cell Type Distinctly Controls Alcohol Relapse and Extinction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Abstinence and extinction drive opposing changes in striatal activity and dopamine signaling during alcohol relapse.Neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Article
- Regulation of addiction by the insular cortex: The interplay between interoception and cognitive function.iScience · 2025Review
- BDNF Haplotype and Personality Traits May Influence the Development of Alcohol Use Disorder in the Han Chinese Population.Addiction biology · 2025Article
61 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Over the past several years, drug addiction has increasingly been accepted to be a disease of the brain as opposed to simply being due to a lack of willpower or personality flaw. Exposure to addictive substances has been shown to create enduring changes in brain structure and function that are thought to underlie the transition to addiction. Specific genetic and environmental vulnerability factors also influence the impact of drugs of abuse on the brain and can enhance the likelihood of becoming an addict. Long-lasting alterations in brain function have been found in neural circuits that are known to be responsible for normal appetitive learning and memory processes and it has been hypothesized that drugs of abuse enhance positive learning and memory about the drug while inhibiting learning about the negative consequences of drug use. Therefore, the addict's behavior becomes increasingly directed towards obtaining and using drugs of abuse, while at the same time developing a poorer ability to stop using, even when the drug is less rewarding or interferes with functioning in other facets of life. In this review we will discuss the clinical evidence that addicted individuals have altered learning and memory and describe the possible neural substrates of this dysfunction. In addition, we will explore the pre-clinical evidence that drugs of abuse cause a progressive disorder of learning and memory, review the molecular and neurobiological changes that may underlie this disorder, determine the genetic and environmental factors that may increase vulnerability to addiction, and suggest potential strategies for treating addiction through manipulations of learning and memory.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.