Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21376122›Full record

ReviewInsect biochemistry and molecular biology2011

Bacillus thuringiensis: A story of a successful bioinsecticide.

Alejandra Bravo, Supaporn Likitvivatanavong, Sarjeet S Gill, Mario Soberón

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Insect biochemistry and molecular biology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 334 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
334citing papers in PubMed
26.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

334 citing papers in PubMed, 1,106 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Paradigm shift formBio · 2026
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  17. Journal of bacteriology · 2026
    Review
  18. The Entomotoxic Fungal LectinJournal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

274 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Alejandra BravoInstituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Morelos, Mexico.
Supaporn Likitvivatanavong
Sarjeet S Gill
Mario Soberón
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México · MXUniversity of California, Riverside · US

Funding

Mosquitocidal Action of Bacillus thuringiensis ToxinsR01AI066014 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE · PI GILL, SARJEET S · 2005 to 2020
$6.4M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI066014
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteria are insect pathogens that rely on insecticidal pore forming proteins known as Cry and Cyt toxins to kill their insect larval hosts. At least four different non-structurally related families of proteins form the Cry toxin group of toxins. The expression of certain Cry toxins in transgenic crops has contributed to an efficient control of insect pests resulting in a significant reduction in chemical insecticide use. The mode of action of the three domain Cry toxin family involves sequential interaction of these toxins with several insect midgut proteins facilitating the formation of a pre-pore oligomer structure and subsequent membrane insertion that leads to the killing of midgut insect cells by osmotic shock. In this manuscript we review recent progress in understanding the mode of action of this family of proteins in lepidopteran, dipteran and coleopteran insects. Interestingly, similar Cry-binding proteins have been identified in the three insect orders, as cadherin, aminopeptidase-N and alkaline phosphatase suggesting a conserved mode of action. Also, recent data on insect responses to Cry toxin attack is discussed. Finally, we review the different Bt based products, including transgenic crops, that are currently used in agriculture.

Indexed as

Bacillus thuringiensisBacterial ProteinsInsecticidesPore Forming Cytotoxic ProteinsAlkaline PhosphataseAnimalsCadherinsCD13 AntigensInsectaInsect ProteinsModels, MolecularPest Control, BiologicalPlants, Genetically ModifiedProtein BindingAlkaline PhosphataseBacterial ProteinsCadherinsCD13 AntigensInsecticidesInsect ProteinsPore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21376122
PMCPMC3689885
OpenAlexW2003734402

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.