Trial reportInternational journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society2011
The Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes (SPS3) study.
Trial report in International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 85 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes (SPS3) Trial
TEC4Home Stroke - Assessing the Feasibility of Home Telemonitoring Technology in Managing Hypertension Among Stroke/TIA Patients. Pilot Study at Vancouver Stroke Program in Collaboration With TEC4Home Heart Failure Team
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of intensive versus standard blood pressure control on cardiovascular outcomes in adult patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Pooled it
- Association between Blood Pressure and Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Blood pressure targets for the treatment of people with hypertension and cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- The role ofExpert review of clinical pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes and Antihypertensive Treatment: A Genome-Wide Interaction Meta-Analysis in the International Consortium for Antihypertensive Pharmacogenomics Studies.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2021Pooled it
- Blood pressure targets for the treatment of people with hypertension and cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Multiple versus fewer antiplatelet agents for preventing early recurrence after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Blood pressure targets for the treatment of people with hypertension and cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Blood pressure-lowering treatment for preventing recurrent stroke, major vascular events, and dementia in patients with a history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Interventions for improving modifiable risk factor control in the secondary prevention of stroke.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Blood pressure targets for the treatment of people with hypertension and cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Recurrent vascular events in lacunar stroke patients with metabolic syndrome and/or diabetes.Neurology · 2015Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A quantitative systematic review of domain-specific cognitive impairment in lacunar stroke.Neurology · 2013Pooled it
- Adenosine-diphosphate (ADP) receptor antagonists for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012Pooled it
- Change in Smoking Behavior and Outcome After Ischemic Stroke: Post-Hoc Analysis of the SPS3 Trial.Stroke · 2023Trial
- Effect of Baseline Kidney Function on the Risk of Recurrent Stroke and on Effects of Intensive Blood Pressure Control in Patients With Previous Lacunar Stroke: A Post Hoc Analysis of the SPS3 Trial (Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes).Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Trial
- Cerebral White Matter Hyperintensities, Kidney Function Decline, and Recurrent Stroke After Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering: Results From the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes ( SPS 3) Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Trial
- Microbleeds in the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes Trial: Stroke, mortality, and treatment interactions.Annals of neurology · 2017Trial
- Trial
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSmall subcortical strokes, also known as lacunar strokes, comprise more than 25% of brain infarcts, and the underlying vasculopathy is the most common cause of vascular cognitive impairment. How to optimally prevent stroke recurrence and cognitive decline in S3 patients is unclear. The aim of the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes study (Trial registration: NCT00059306) is to define strategies for reducing stroke recurrence, cognitive decline, and major vascular events.
methodsSecondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes is a randomised, multicentre clinical trial (n = 3000) being conducted in seven countries, and sponsored by the US NINDS/NIH. Patients with symptomatic small subcortical strokes in the six-months before and an eligible lesion on magnetic resonance imaging are simultaneously randomised, in a 2 × 2 factorial design, to antiplatelet therapy--325 mg aspirin daily plus 75 mg clopidogrel daily, vs. 325 mg aspirin daily plus placebo, double-blind--and to one of two levels of systolic blood pressure targets--'intensive' (<130 mmHg) vs. 'usual' (130-149 mmHg). Participants are followed for an average of four-years. Time to recurrent stroke (ischaemic or haemorrhagic) is the primary outcome and will be analysed separately for each intervention. The secondary outcomes are the rate of cognitive decline and major vascular events. The primary and most secondary outcomes are adjudicated centrally by those unaware of treatment assignment.
conclusionsSecondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes will address several important clinical and scientific questions by testing two interventions in patients with recent magnetic resonance imaging-defined lacunar infarcts, which are likely due to small vessel disease. The results will inform the management of millions of patients with this common vascular disorder.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.