ArticleGene therapy2011
In vitro and in vivo comparison of viral and cellular internal ribosome entry sites for bicistronic vector expression.
Article in Gene therapy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current Practice in Bicistronic IRES Reporter Use: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Platform-dependent performance of P2A and IRES linkers in multicistronic gene expression.Genes & genomics · 2026Article
- Shifting IRES versus Cap-initiated translation during homeostatic stem cell differentiation and stress.Science advances · 2026Article
- Differentiation stage-specific use of cap-independent and cap-dependent translation initiation in hematopoiesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of synthetic mRNA with selected UTR sequences and alternative poly(A) tail,Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Simple improvements in vector design afford substantial gains in AAV delivery of aggregation-slowing Aβ variants.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Article
- Rapid, biochemical tagging of cellular activity history in vivo.Nature methods · 2024Article
- A synthetic cytotoxic T cell platform for rapidly prototyping TCR function.NPJ precision oncology · 2024Article
- Rapid, biochemical tagging of cellular activity history in vivo.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- A Synthetic Cytotoxic T cell Platform for Rapidly Prototyping TCR Function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Emerging roles and potential clinical applications of translatable circular RNAs in cancer and other human diseases.Genes & diseases · 2023Review
- Cap-Independent Circular mRNA Translation Efficiency.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Development of a Bicistronic Yellow Fever Live Attenuated Vaccine with Reduced Neurovirulence and Viscerotropism.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- The space between notes: emerging roles for translationally silent ribosomes.Trends in biochemical sciences · 2022Review
- Circular RNA cancer vaccines drive immunity in hard-to-treat malignancies.Theranostics · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Angiogenesis by a "Dynamic Duo": Simultaneous Expression of HGF and VEGF165 by Novel Bicistronic Plasmid Restores Blood Flow in Ischemic Skeletal Muscle.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Intramuscular Delivery of Replicon RNA Encoding ZIKV-117 Human Monoclonal Antibody Protects against Zika Virus Infection.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2020Article
- Internal Ribosome Entry Site Dramatically Reduces Transgene Expression in Hematopoietic Cells in a Position-Dependent Manner.Viruses · 2019Article
- Multiplexed promoterless gene expression with CRISPReader.Genome biology · 2019Article
- Tissue-Dependent Expression and Translation of Circular RNAs with Recombinant AAV Vectors In Vivo.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bicistronic vectors are essential to achieve efficient expression of multiple genes in gene therapy protocols and biomedical applications. Internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements have been utilized to initiate expression of an additional protein from a bicistronic vector. The IRES element commonly used in current bicistronic vectors originates from the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV). As IRES-mediated translation is dependent on availability of IRES trans-acting factors, which vary between cell types and species, adequate gene expression from the EMCV IRES element is not always achieved. To identify a novel IRES element that mediates gene expression consistently with a higher efficiency than the EMCV IRES, we tested 13 bicistronic reporter constructs containing different viral and cellular IRES elements. The in vitro screening in human and mouse fibroblast and hepatocarcinoma cells revealed that the vascular endothelial growth factor and type 1 collagen-inducible protein (VCIP) IRES was the only IRES element that directed translation more efficiently than the EMCV IRES in all cell lines. Furthermore, the VCIP IRES initiated greater reporter expression levels than the EMCV IRES in transfected mouse livers. These results suggest that VCIP-IRES containing vectors improve gene expression compared with those harboring an EMCV-IRES. This could increase the potential benefits of bicistronic vectors for experimental and therapeutic purposes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.