ArticleNature2011
Phylogenomic analyses unravel annelid evolution.
Article in Nature, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 136 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
136 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 408 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolutionary Models for the Diversification of Placental Mammals Across the KPg Boundary.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Pooled it
- Replication-origin inversions accompany compositional skew and phylogenetic artifacts in fan worm mitochondrial genomes.iScience · 2026Article
- Functional Anatomy of the Pharynx of Glycera tridactyla Schmarda, 1861 (Annelida: Glyceriformia: Glyceridae).Journal of morphology · 2026Article
- Polychaete annelids from the earliest Cambrian Period.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial genomes of Terebelliformia: gene rearrangements, phylogenetic relationships, and evolutionary insights.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Unsegmented marine annelids as biomechanical models for soft robotics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Evidence of autonomous neural specification for both brain and ventral nerve cord tissue in Annelida.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
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- An episodic burst of massive genomic rearrangements and the origin of non-marine annelids.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Gaps and Data Ambiguities in DNA Reference Libraries: A Limiting Factor for Molecular-Based Biodiversity Assessments Using Annelids as a Case Study.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Exceptionally Preserved Setae: A Possible Morphological Synapomorphy of Cambrian Lophotrochozoans.Evolution & development · 2025Article
- Annelid Comparative Genomics and the Evolution of Massive Lineage-Specific Genome Rearrangement in Bilaterians.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Exploring the Antimicrobial Potential of Hallachrome, a Defensive Anthraquinone from the Marine WormMarine drugs · 2024Article
- Annelids as models of germ cell and gonad regeneration.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2024Review
- New fossil ofRoyal Society open science · 2024Article
- A chromosome-level genome assembly of the Echiura Urechis unicinctus.Scientific data · 2024Article
- Neurons with larval synaptic targets pioneer the later nervous system in the annelidFrontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- The first complete mitochondrial genome ofMitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources · 2024Article
- Transcriptomic landscape of posterior regeneration in the annelid Platynereis dumerilii.BMC genomics · 2023Article
76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Annelida, the ringed worms, is a highly diverse animal phylum that includes more than 15,000 described species and constitutes the dominant benthic macrofauna from the intertidal zone down to the deep sea. A robust annelid phylogeny would shape our understanding of animal body-plan evolution and shed light on the bilaterian ground pattern. Traditionally, Annelida has been split into two major groups: Clitellata (earthworms and leeches) and polychaetes (bristle worms), but recent evidence suggests that other taxa that were once considered to be separate phyla (Sipuncula, Echiura and Siboglinidae (also known as Pogonophora)) should be included in Annelida. However, the deep-level evolutionary relationships of Annelida are still poorly understood, and a robust reconstruction of annelid evolutionary history is needed. Here we show that phylogenomic analyses of 34 annelid taxa, using 47,953 amino acid positions, recovered a well-supported phylogeny with strong support for major splits. Our results recover chaetopterids, myzostomids and sipunculids in the basal part of the tree, although the position of Myzostomida remains uncertain owing to its long branch. The remaining taxa are split into two clades: Errantia (which includes the model annelid Platynereis), and Sedentaria (which includes Clitellata). Ancestral character trait reconstructions indicate that these clades show adaptation to either an errant or a sedentary lifestyle, with alteration of accompanying morphological traits such as peristaltic movement, parapodia and sensory perception. Finally, life history characters in Annelida seem to be phylogenetically informative.
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