Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21368825›Full record

ArticleNature2011

Somatic coding mutations in human induced pluripotent stem cells.

Athurva Gore, Zhe Li, Ho-Lim Fung, Jessica E Young, Suneet Agarwal, Jessica Antosiewicz-Bourget, Isabel Canto, Alessandra Giorgetti, Mason A Israel, Evangelos Kiskinis and 16 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 638 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
638citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

638 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  13. Challenges and opportunities of human iPSC-derived NK as "Off-the-shelf" cellular therapies.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. The Crucial Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Wharton's Jelly Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review

578 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Athurva GoreDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Zhe Li
Ho-Lim Fung
Jessica E Young
Suneet Agarwal
Jessica Antosiewicz-Bourget
Isabel Canto
Alessandra Giorgetti
Mason A Israel
Evangelos Kiskinis
Je-Hyuk Lee
Yuin-Han Loh
Philip D Manos
Nuria Montserrat
Athanasia D Panopoulos
Sergio Ruiz
Melissa L Wilbert
Junying Yu
Ewen F Kirkness
Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
Derrick J Rossi
James A Thomson
Kevin Eggan
George Q Daley
Lawrence S B Goldstein
Kun Zhang

Funding

Viral Vector Core (VVC)P30CA014195 · NCI · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI Ye Zheng · 1985 to 2026
$82.8M
Human Pluripotent Stem Cell and Progenitor Models of Cardiac and Blood DiseasesU01HL100001 · NHLBI · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI DALEY, GEORGE Q, ORKIN, STUART H · 2009 to 2015
$8.9M
Training Program in Basic Clinical GeneticsT32GM008666 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI HAMILTON, BRUCE A · 1998 to 2021
$8.6M
Targeted 2nd generation sequencing in phenotyped Framingham & PGP populations.R01HL094963 · NHLBI · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI CHURCH, GEORGE M · 2008 to 2010
$4.3M
Molecular mechanisms of nuclear reprogrammingK08HL089150 · NHLBI · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI AGARWAL, SUNEET · 2008 to 2012
$662k
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL089150NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL094963NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL100001NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008666
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Defined transcription factors can induce epigenetic reprogramming of adult mammalian cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. Although DNA factors are integrated during some reprogramming methods, it is unknown whether the genome remains unchanged at the single nucleotide level. Here we show that 22 human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cell lines reprogrammed using five different methods each contained an average of five protein-coding point mutations in the regions sampled (an estimated six protein-coding point mutations per exome). The majority of these mutations were non-synonymous, nonsense or splice variants, and were enriched in genes mutated or having causative effects in cancers. At least half of these reprogramming-associated mutations pre-existed in fibroblast progenitors at low frequencies, whereas the rest occurred during or after reprogramming. Thus, hiPS cells acquire genetic modifications in addition to epigenetic modifications. Extensive genetic screening should become a standard procedure to ensure hiPS cell safety before clinical use.

Indexed as

Cells, CulturedCellular ReprogrammingDNA Mutational AnalysisEpistasis, GeneticFibroblastsHumansInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsMaleMiddle AgedModels, GeneticMutagenesisOpen Reading FramesPoint Mutation

Identifiers

PMID21368825
PMCPMC3074107

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.