Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21368195›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011

Sonic hedgehog signaling is decoded by calcium spike activity in the developing spinal cord.

Yesser H Belgacem, Laura N Borodinsky

Erratum issuedOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 105 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
105citing papers in PubMed
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

105 citing papers in PubMed, 157 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. L-type voltage-gated CaEMBO reports · 2026
    Article
  3. The nociceptor primary cilium.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026
    Review
  4. Vesicular Glutamate Release Is Necessary for Neural Tube Formation.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  5. Intracellular CaBMC molecular and cell biology · 2026
    Article
  6. G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signal Intersection at the Primary Cilium.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. The Primary Cilia are Associated with the Axon Initial Segment in Neurons.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  9. The Nociceptor Primary Cilium Contributes to Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold and Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. A Potent Antagonist of Smoothened in Hedgehog Signaling for Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Article
  20. Review

45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Erratum issued
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yesser H BelgacemDepartment of Physiology and Membrane Biology and Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospital for Children and University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
Laura N Borodinsky
University of California, Davis · US

Funding

Spinal Cord Development: Interplay Between Electrical Activity and Sonic HedgehogR01NS073055 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI BORODINSKY, LAURA NOEMI · 2011 to 2015
$1.6M
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS073055
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Evolutionarily conserved hedgehog proteins orchestrate the patterning of embryonic tissues, and dysfunctions in their signaling can lead to tumorigenesis. In vertebrates, Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is essential for nervous system development, but the mechanisms underlying its action remain unclear. Early electrical activity is another developmental cue important for proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neurons. Here we demonstrate the interplay between Shh signaling and Ca(2+) dynamics in the developing spinal cord. Ca(2+) imaging of embryonic spinal cells shows that Shh acutely increases Ca(2+) spike activity through activation of the Shh coreceptor Smoothened (Smo) in neurons. Smo recruits a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein-dependent pathway and engages both intracellular Ca(2+) stores and Ca(2+) influx. The dynamics of this signaling are manifested in synchronous Ca(2+) spikes and inositol triphosphate transients apparent at the neuronal primary cilium. Interaction of Shh and electrical activity modulates neurotransmitter phenotype expression in spinal neurons. These results indicate that electrical activity and second-messenger signaling mediate Shh action in embryonic spinal neurons.

Indexed as

Calcium SignalingAnimalsCell DifferentiationCiliaHedgehog ProteinsInositol 1,4,5-TrisphosphateMitosisNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsSpinal CordXenopusXenopus ProteinsHedgehog ProteinsInositol 1,4,5-TrisphosphateNeurotransmitter AgentsShh protein, XenopusXenopus Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21368195
PMCPMC3060219
OpenAlexW2087815320

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.