ArticleJournal of virology2011
Transmission of murine cytomegalovirus in breast milk: a model of natural infection in neonates.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Breaking barriers: how cytomegaloviruses manipulate myeloid cells to invade tissues.EMBO reports · 2026Review
- Intracranial calcifications in congenital viral infections: mechanisms and cellular roles.Current opinion in virology · 2025Review
- Mother-to-Child Transmission of Arboviruses during Breastfeeding: From Epidemiology to Cellular Mechanisms.Viruses · 2021Review
- Review
- Rodent Models of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2021Article
- A Review of Murine Cytomegalovirus as a Model for Human Cytomegalovirus Disease-Do Mice Lie?International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Impact of breast milk-acquired cytomegalovirus infection in premature infants: Pathogenesis, prevention, and clinical consequences?Reviews in medical virology · 2020Review
- Cytomegaloviruses and Macrophages-Friends and Foes From Early on?Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Persistent viral replication and the development of T-cell responses after intranasal infection by MCMV.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2019Article
- Genotyping of Cytomegalovirus from Symptomatic Infected Neonates in Iraq.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Article
- Cytomegalovirus Infection: Mouse Model.Current protocols in immunology · 2018Article
- Article
- Murine CMV Infection Induces the Continuous Production of Mucosal Resident T Cells.Cell reports · 2015Article
- Lymph Node Macrophages Restrict Murine Cytomegalovirus Dissemination.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Immunobiology of congenital cytomegalovirus infection of the central nervous system—the murine cytomegalovirus model.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2015Review
- Biology and pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus in periodontal disease.Periodontology 2000 · 2014Review
- Nodular inflammatory foci are sites of T cell priming and control of murine cytomegalovirus infection in the neonatal lung.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
- A mouse model of interstitial pneumonitis induced by murine cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic skin transplantation.BioMed research international · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vertical transmission of viruses in breast milk can expose neonates to infectious pathogens at a time when the capacity of their immune system to control infections is limited. We developed a mouse model to study the outcomes of acquisition of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) when neonates are breastfed by mothers with acute or latent infection. Breast milk leukocytes collected from lactating mice were examined for the presence of MCMV IE-1 mRNA by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) with Southern analysis. As determined by this criterion, breast milk leukocytes from both acute and latent mothers were positive for MCMV. This mimics the outcome seen in humans with latent cytomegalovirus infection, where reactivation of virus occurs specifically in the lactating mammary gland. Interestingly, intraperitoneal injection of breast milk collected from mothers with latent infection was sufficient to transfer MCMV to neonatal mice, demonstrating that breast milk was a source of virus. Furthermore, we found that MCMV was transmitted from infected mothers to breastfed neonates, with MCMV IE-1 mRNA or infectious virus present in multiple organs, including the brain. In fact, 1 day of nursing was sufficient to transmit MCMV from latent mothers to breastfed neonatal mice. Together, these data validate this mouse model of vertical transmission of MCMV from mothers with acute or latent MCMV infection to breastfed neonates. Its relevance to human disease should prove useful in future studies designed to elucidate the immunological and pathological ramifications of neonatal infection acquired via this natural route.
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Registered trials
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