Trial reportPloS one2011
Analysis of the lung microbiome in the "healthy" smoker and in COPD.
Trial report in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 547 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Innate and Adaptive Immunity in COPD Exacerbations: Clinically-Indicated Bronchoscopies
Innate and Adaptive Immunity in COPD Exacerbations: Bronchoscopies on Healthy Volunteers
Understanding the Lung Microbiome in HIV-Infected & HIV-Uninfected Individuals
The Microbiome of Sputum, Urine and Feces in Healthy Persons and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients
Analysis of the Microbiome in the Healthy Smokers and COPD Patients
Who cites it
547 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 945 citations in OpenAlex.
- Profiling of human lung and gut microbiomes in different conditions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using ontology-based evidence synthesis and reasoning.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Composition and diversity of the pulmonary microbiome in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- The alterations of oral, airway and intestine microbiota in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Global research trends on the associations between the microbiota and lung cancer: a visualization bibliometric analysis (2008-2023).Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Potential interaction between the oral microbiota and COVID-19: a meta-analysis and bioinformatics prediction.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- The respiratory microbiota alpha-diversity in chronic lung diseases: first systematic review and meta-analysis.Respiratory research · 2022Pooled it
- The Effects of Corticosteroids on the Respiratory Microbiome: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The role of the respiratory microbiome in acute and chronic respiratory diseases.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- Mitochondria Meet the Lung Microbiome: A Bidirectional Dialogue in Inflammation and Respiratory Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Beyond Pathogens: Modulating the Commensal Microbiota to Reshape Immunity for Respiratory Disease Intervention.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dynamic balance of the lung microbiome in health and respiratory diseases.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Pilot Study on the Use of Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as a Noninvasive Tool for Monitoring Mucus in Obstructive Lung Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Characteristics of Respiratory Microbiome in COPD-A Literature Review.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2026Review
- Lung Microbiome Diversity, Infection Dynamics, and Microbe-Mediated Cross-Protection.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- The Role of the Respiratory Microbiome in Pneumonia.Clinics in chest medicine · 2026Review
- Chronic exposure to Salton Sea aerosols elicits pulmonary inflammation and shifts in murine lung and fecal microbiome diversity.Research square · 2026Article
- Lipid Metabolism and Obesity in Early Life: Drivers of Chronic Lung Disease From Development to Adulthood.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Review
487 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although culture-independent techniques have shown that the lungs are not sterile, little is known about the lung microbiome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We used pyrosequencing of 16S amplicons to analyze the lung microbiome in two ways: first, using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) to sample the distal bronchi and air-spaces; and second, by examining multiple discrete tissue sites in the lungs of six subjects removed at the time of transplantation. We performed BAL on three never-smokers (NS) with normal spirometry, seven smokers with normal spirometry ("healthy smokers", HS), and four subjects with COPD (CS). Bacterial 16 s sequences were found in all subjects, without significant quantitative differences between groups. Both taxonomy-based and taxonomy-independent approaches disclosed heterogeneity in the bacterial communities between HS subjects that was similar to that seen in healthy NS and two mild COPD patients. The moderate and severe COPD patients had very limited community diversity, which was also noted in 28% of the healthy subjects. Both approaches revealed extensive membership overlap between the bacterial communities of the three study groups. No genera were common within a group but unique across groups. Our data suggests the existence of a core pulmonary bacterial microbiome that includes Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, Veillonella, and Porphyromonas. Most strikingly, there were significant micro-anatomic differences in bacterial communities within the same lung of subjects with advanced COPD. These studies are further demonstration of the pulmonary microbiome and highlight global and micro-anatomic changes in these bacterial communities in severe COPD patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.