ArticlePloS one2011
The incidence of type-1 diabetes in NOD mice is modulated by restricted flora not germ-free conditions.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03032354 (Effect of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium Lactis BB 12 on Beta-cell Function in Children With Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes - a Randomized Controlled Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 78 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium Lactis BB 12 on Beta-cell Function in Children With Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes - a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects ofBMJ open · 2017Trial
- Cross-species engraftment biases and metabolic divergence in gnotobiotic mice humanized with ulcerative colitis microbiota.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Natural therapy proposed for the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Immune-evasive beta cells in type 1 diabetes: innovations in genetic engineering, biomaterials, and computational modeling.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Accelerated onset of diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice fed a refined high-fat diet.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2024Article
- Biomolecular Actions by Intestinal Endotoxemia in Metabolic Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Dietary emulsifier consumption accelerates type 1 diabetes development in NOD mice.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2024Article
- Reversal of diabetes by an oral Salmonella-based vaccine in acute and progressive diabetes in NOD mice.PloS one · 2024Article
- Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Onset and Severity of Type 1 Diabetes in Nonobese Diabetic Mice Treated with Anti-PD-1.ImmunoHorizons · 2023Article
- Implications of Hypothalamic Neural Stem Cells on Aging and Obesity-Associated Cardiovascular Diseases.Cells · 2023Review
- Antibiotics in the pathogenesis of diabetes and inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2023Review
- Impact of gut-peripheral nervous system axis on the development of diabetic neuropathy.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2023Article
- Biomolecular Mechanisms of Autoimmune Diseases and Their Relationship with the Resident Microbiota: Friend or Foe?Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2022Review
- The Impact of Intestinal Microorganisms and Their Metabolites on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2022Review
- Microbial dysbiosis in the gut drives systemic autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Of mice and men and women: Sexual dimorphism of the gut microbiome.International journal of women's dermatology · 2021Review
- Gut Microbiota-Modulated Metabolomic Profiling Shapes the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- The gut microbiome of laboratory mice: considerations and best practices for translational research.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2021Review
- Land Cover of Early-Life Environment Modulates the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2021Article
- The crucial role of early-life gut microbiota in the development of type 1 diabetes.Acta diabetologica · 2021Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In the NOD mouse, the incidence of type-1 diabetes is thought to be influenced by the degree of cleanliness of the mouse colony. Studies collectively demonstrate that exposure to bacterial antigen or infection in the neonatal period prevents diabetes [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], supporting the notion that immunostimulation can benefit the maturation of the postnatal immune system [11]. A widely accepted extrapolation from this data has been the notion that NOD mice maintained under germ-free conditions have an increased incidence of diabetes. However, evidence supporting this influential concept is surprisingly limited [12]. In this study, we demonstrate that the incidence of diabetes in female NOD mice remained unchanged under germ-free conditions. By contrast, a spontaneous monoculture with a gram-positive aerobic spore-forming rod delayed the onset and reduced the incidence of diabetes. These findings challenge the view that germ-free NOD mice have increased diabetes incidence and demonstrate that modulation of intestinal microbiota can prevent the development of type-1 diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.