ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2011
Nasal cytology: the "infectious spot", an expression of a morphological-chromatic biofilm.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nasal Cytology in Precision Rhinology: From Local Cellular Phenotyping to Personalized Management of Nasal Inflammatory Diseases.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Toward a Cytological Classification of Nasal Biofilms in Upper Airway Inflammation: Microscopic Patterns, Clinical Meaning, and Therapeutic Implications.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Standardization of Nasal Cytology: An Expert-based Delphi Consensus.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Article
- Nasal cytology in the rhinology-allergy clinic: From rhinitis to chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).Asia Pacific allergy · 2025Review
- The Potential Role of Nasal Cytology in Respiratory Diseases: Clinical Research and Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Two Weapons against Bacterial Biofilms: Detection and Treatment.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Nasal cytology detects biofilms.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2021Article
- Nasal Cytology: A Comparative Study of Two Different Techniques of Processing-Smeared versus Cytocentrifuged Slides.Mediators of inflammation · 2018Article
- Woodworkers and the inflammatory effects of softwood/hardwood dust: evidence from nasal cytology.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2016Article
- Paediatric nasopharyngeal cytology: a new diagnostic opportunity?European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2016Article
- Role of biofilm in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2015Review
- Does the type of rhinitis influence development of otitis media with effusion in children?Current allergy and asthma reports · 2014Review
- The normative value of inflammatory cells in the nasal perfusate of Chinese adults: a pilot study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2014Article
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5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe some "morphological-chromatic" patterns (i.e. spots of cyan colour) identified during the study of nasal cytology in patients with both bacterial and fungal infectious rhinological disorders. These peculiar aspects strongly suggest the presence of a microscopic biofilm. We retrospectively examined 1,410 nasal cytology specimens from subjects who underwent clinical-instrumental investigations (history, ENT visit, nasal endoscopy and nasal cytology) from January to August 2010. The control samples were represented by 30 subjects not suffering from infectious rhinological diseases. The presence of particular spots of "cyan" was found in colour in 107/1,410 rhinocytograms (7.6%), within which bacterial colonies and/or fungal spores were found. We called these coloured spot formations "infectious spots" (IS). The positivity to periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining confirmed the polysaccharide nature of the coloured spots and allowed us to relate them to biofilms. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that nasal cytology performed by optical microscope can play an important role in detecting biofilms.
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