ArticleGenetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics2011
Underutilization of BRCA1/2 testing to guide breast cancer treatment: black and Hispanic women particularly at risk.
Article in Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03511690 (Testing an Intelligent Tutoring System Intervention to Enhance Genetic Risk Assessment in Underserved Blacks and Latinas at Risk of Hereditary Breast Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 169 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Testing an Intelligent Tutoring System Intervention to Enhance Genetic Risk Assessment in Underserved Blacks and Latinas at Risk of Hereditary Breast Cancer
Who cites it
169 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 240 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patient perspectives on risk-reducing salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy for ovarian cancer risk-reduction: A systematic review of the literature.Gynecologic oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Cascade Testing for Hereditary Cancer Syndromes: Should We Move Toward Direct Relative Contact? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Genetic counseling and testing for Asian Americans: a systematic review.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2021Pooled it
- Awareness, knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes towards genetic testing for cancer risk among ethnic minority groups: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2017Pooled it
- Are cancer-related decision aids appropriate for socially disadvantaged patients? A systematic review of US randomized controlled trials.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2016Pooled it
- The spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 alleles in Latin America and the Caribbean: a clinical perspective.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2015Pooled it
- A Multilevel Intervention to Identify Individuals for Genetic Testing and Treatment: The IGNITE-TX Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Importance of Prior Patient Interactions With the Healthcare System to Engaging With Pretest Cancer Genetic Services via Digital Health Tools Among Unaffected Primary Care Patients: Findings From the BRIDGE Trial.Health services research · 2026Trial
- 'How Did That Make You Feel?' Latinas' Use of Genetic Counseling and Testing for Hereditary Cancer Risk After Watching a Culturally Targeted Video and Receiving Patient Navigation.Psycho-oncology · 2025Trial
- Community health workers and precision medicine: A randomized controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials · 2022Trial
- Pilot study of a culturally sensitive intervention to promote genetic counseling for breast cancer risk.BMC health services research · 2022Trial
- Facilitated cascade testing (FaCT): a randomized controlled trial.International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society · 2021Trial
- A pilot randomized trial of an educational intervention to increase genetic counseling and genetic testing among Latina breast cancer survivors.Journal of genetic counseling · 2021Trial
- Disparities in genetic services utilization in a random sample of young breast cancer survivors.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2019Trial
- Genetic Testing in a Population-Based Sample of Breast and Ovarian Cancer Survivors from the REACH Randomized Trial: Cost Barriers and Moderators of Counseling Mode.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2017Trial
- Patient Perceptions of Telephone vs. In-Person BRCA1/BRCA2 Genetic Counseling.Journal of genetic counseling · 2016Trial
- Impact of a primary care based intervention on breast cancer knowledge, risk perception and concern: A randomized, controlled trial.Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2015Trial
- Disparities in uptake of BRCA1/2 genetic testing in a randomized trial of telephone counseling.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2015Trial
- Differences in Cascade Genetic Testing Among Families With Hereditary Cancer Risk.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Adapting mainstreaming genetic education and clinical communication materials for cancer patients of varying backgrounds.Patient education and counseling · 2026Article
109 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWomen with early-onset (age ≤40 years) breast cancer are at high risk of carrying deleterious mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes; genetic assessment is thus recommended. Knowledge of BRCA1/2 mutation status is useful in guiding treatment decisions. To date, there has been no national study of BRCA1/2 testing among newly diagnosed women.
methodsWe used administrative data (2004-2007) from a national sample of 14.4 million commercially insured patients to identify newly diagnosed, early-onset breast cancer cases among women aged 20-40 years (n = 1474). Cox models assessed BRCA1/2 testing, adjusting for covariates and differential lengths of follow-up.
resultsOverall, 30% of women aged 40 years or younger received BRCA1/2 testing. In adjusted analyses, women of Jewish ethnicity were significantly more likely to be tested (hazard ratio = 2.83, 95% confidence interval: 1.52-5.28), whereas black women (hazard ratio = 0.34, 95% 0.18-0.64) and Hispanic women (hazard ratio = 0.52, 95% confidence interval: 0.33-0.81) were significantly less likely to be tested than non-Jewish white women. Those enrolled in a health maintenance organization (hazard ratio = 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.54-0.99) were significantly less likely to receive BRCA1/2 testing than those point of service insurance plans. Testing rates increased sharply for women diagnosed in 2007 compared with 2004.
conclusionsIn this national sample of patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer at high risk for BRCA1/2 mutations, genetic assessment was low, with marked racial differences in testing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.