ReviewThe European respiratory journal2011
Pulmonary arterial hypertension: a comparison between children and adults.
Review in The European respiratory journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 214 citations in OpenAlex.
- Parenteral treprostinil in paediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Pooled it
- Incidence and risk factors of pulmonary hypertension in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric surgery international · 2025Pooled it
- Population pharmacokinetics of selexipag for dose selection and confirmation in pediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Trial
- Biocomparison Study of Adult and Paediatric Dose Strengths of the Prostacyclin Receptor Agonist Selexipag.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2018Trial
- A bosentan pharmacokinetic study to investigate dosing regimens in paediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: FUTURE-3.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Trial
- Registry-based estimation of cardiac event-free survival in congenital heart disease complicated by pulmonary hypertension: A nationwide registry study from Japan.International journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease · 2026Article
- Mid-term prognosis and risk stratification in patients with post-operative pulmonary hypertension: Insights from the Japanese Association of Congenital Heart Disease Registry (JACPHR).American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Clinical Utility of Stroke Volume Index in Children with Idiopathic and Heritable Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Multifaceted role of T-box transcription factor 4: From embryonic development to disease pathogenesis.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Enhancing Drug Development for Paediatric Pulmonary Hypertension-An Integrative Perspective.Pulmonary circulation · 2025Review
- The Challenge in Burden of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Perspective From the Global Burden of Disease Study.MedComm · 2025Article
- Cell Population-resolved Multiomics Atlas of the Developing Lung.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- Importance of age at diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in children living at high altitude: Longitudinal follow-up of 86 patients.Pulmonary circulation · 2025Article
- The role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Reduced pulmonary arterial compliance predicts poor short-term outcome in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension independent of pulmonary vascular resistance.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- The Role of Early Child Nutrition in Pulmonary Hypertension-A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Dysregulation of the Long Noncoding RNA X-Inactive-Specific Transcript Expression in Male Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.The American journal of pathology · 2024Article
- A Review of Serotonin in the Developing Lung and Neonatal Pulmonary Hypertension.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Timely PAH Identification in Adults With Repaired Congenital Heart Disease? The ACHD-QuERI Registry Insights.JACC. Advances · 2023Article
- Inactivating the Uninhibited: The Tale of Activins and Inhibins in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The characteristics of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), including pathology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment are reviewed in children and adults. The histopathology seen in adults is also observed in children, although children have more medial hypertrophy at presentation. Both populations have vascular and endothelial dysfunction. Several unique disease states are present in children, as lung growth abnormalities contribute to pulmonary hypertension. Although both children and adults present at diagnosis with elevations in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure, children have less heart failure. Dyspnoea on exertion is the most frequent symptom in children and adults with PAH, but heart failure with oedema occurs more frequently in adults. However, in idiopathic PAH, syncope is more common in children. Haemodynamic assessment remains the gold standard for diagnosis, but the definition of vasoreactivity in adults may not apply to young children. Targeted PAH therapies approved for adults are associated with clinically meaningful effects in paediatric observational studies; children now survive as long as adults with current treatment guidelines. In conclusion, there are more similarities than differences in the characteristics of PAH in children and adults, resulting in guidelines recommending similar diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms in children (based on expert opinion) and adults (evidence-based).
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.