ArticleInfection and immunity2011
Recognition and blocking of innate immunity cells by Candida albicans chitin.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 124 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
124 citing papers in PubMed, 200 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fungal chitin dampens inflammation through IL-10 induction mediated by NOD2 and TLR9 activation.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
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- Candida albicans Cells Lacking AP-2 Have Defective Hyphae and Are Avirulent Despite Increased Host Uptake and Intracellular Proliferation in Macrophages.Molecular microbiology · 2026Article
- Caspofungin enhances antifungal immunity in human blood through transcriptional reprogramming.microLife · 2026Article
- Oral Innate Immunity and the Role of Oral Epithelial Cells.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory function of chitosan is dependent on complement receptor 3.Cell surface (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Manganese homeostasis modulates glucan and chitin unmasking in the opportunistic yeastVirulence · 2025Article
- Caspofungin binding to iron compromises its antifungal efficacy against Candida albicans.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Protein kinase A signaling regulates immune evasion by shaving and concealing fungal β-1,3-glucan.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
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- Intratumor fungi specific mechanisms to influence cell death pathways and trigger tumor cell apoptosis.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Loss ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- A cell wall-targeting urease-derived peptide as a potential antifungal agent againstCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Transkingdom mechanism of MAMP generation by chitotriosidase feeds oligomeric chitin from fungal pathogens and allergens into TLR2-mediated innate immune sensing.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Fleagrass (Adenosma buchneroides Bonati) Acts as a Fungicide Against Candida albicans by Damaging Its Cell Wall.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Article
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- Silencing ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Fungal chitin-binding glycoprotein induces Dectin-2-mediated allergic airway inflammation synergistically with chitin.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
64 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Chitin is a skeletal cell wall polysaccharide of the inner cell wall of fungal pathogens. As yet, little about its role during fungus-host immune cell interactions is known. We show here that ultrapurified chitin from Candida albicans cell walls did not stimulate cytokine production directly but blocked the recognition of C. albicans by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and murine macrophages, leading to significant reductions in cytokine production. Chitin did not affect the induction of cytokines stimulated by bacterial cells or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), indicating that blocking was not due to steric masking of specific receptors. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and Mincle (the macrophage-inducible C-type lectin) were not required for interactions with chitin. Dectin-1 was required for immune blocking but did not bind chitin directly. Cytokine stimulation was significantly reduced upon stimulation of PBMCs with heat-killed chitin-deficient C. albicans cells but not with live cells. Therefore, chitin is normally not exposed to cells of the innate immune system but is capable of influencing immune recognition by blocking dectin-1-mediated engagement with fungal cell walls.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.