ReviewJournal of reproductive immunology2011
Innate and adaptive immunity at mucosal surfaces of the female reproductive tract: stratification and integration of immune protection against the transmission of sexually transmitted infections.
Review in Journal of reproductive immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biological factors that place women at risk for HIV: evidence from a large-scale clinical trial in Durban.BMC women's health · 2016Trial
- Phenotype and susceptibility to HIV infection of CD4+ Th17 cells in the human female reproductive tract.Mucosal immunology · 2014Trial
- Mucosal immunity: mechanism and application in cancer immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- An organotypic ectocervix mucosa model to study host-pathogen interaction of sexually transmitted infections.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Segmental specification of the human female fetal reproductive tract revealed by spatiotemporal dynamics.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Innate Immunity and Microbial Recognition in Reproduction: From Barrier Defense to Maternal-Fetal Tolerance.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- ECHOS enables spatial epigenome profiling at subcellular resolution.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Genetically Modified Lactic Acid Bacteria: a Promising Mucosal Delivery Vector for Vaccines.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- A candidate gonococcal outer membrane vesicle vaccine which induces persistent immunity in three genetically distinct species of mouse and is similarly immunogenic when formulated with and without aluminium adjuvant.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Dynamic chemokine profiles in cervical mucus during healthy pregnancy: IP-10 and MIP-1β as potential biomarkers of gestational immune adaptation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Immune Responses to Infectious Diseases: The Role of Genetics, Hormones, and Aging.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Association between heavy metal exposure and bacterial vaginosis: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Effects of Ellagic Acid on Vaginal Innate Immune Mediators and HPV16 Infection In Vitro.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Interferon-epsilon is a novel regulator of NK cell responses in the uterus.EMBO molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Association between serum carotenoids and bacterial vaginosis infection among American women.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Role of the epithelium in human papillomavirus and human immunodeficiency virus infections in the female genital tract.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2024Review
- Intra-horn insemination in the alpaca Vicugna pacos: Copulatory wounding and deep sperm deposition.PloS one · 2024Article
- Uterine inflammation status modulates eggshell mineralization via calcium transport and matrix protein synthesis in laying hens.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2023Article
- The Role of Hydrogen-Peroxide (HAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This review examines the multiple levels of pre-existing immunity in the upper and lower female reproductive tract. In addition, we highlight the need for further research of innate and adaptive immune protection of mucosal surfaces in the female reproductive tract. Innate mechanisms include the mucus lining, a tight epithelial barrier and the secretion of antimicrobial peptides and cytokines by epithelial and innate immune cells. Stimulation of the innate immune system also serves to bridge the adaptive arm resulting in the generation of pathogen-specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Less understood are the multiple components that act in a coordinated way to provide a network of ongoing protection. Innate and adaptive immunity in the human female reproductive tract are influenced by the stage of menstrual cycle and are directly regulated by the sex steroid hormones, progesterone and estradiol. Furthermore, the effect of hormones on immunity is mediated both directly on immune and epithelial cells and indirectly by stimulating growth factor secretion from stromal cells. The goal of this review is to focus on the diverse aspects of the innate and adaptive immune systems that contribute to a unique network of protection throughout the female reproductive tract.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.