ArticleEpidemiologic perspectives & innovations : EP+I2011
Disease-specific prospective family study cohorts enriched for familial risk.
Article in Epidemiologic perspectives & innovations : EP+I, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Familial confounding of internalising symptoms and obesity in adolescents and young adults; a co-twin analysis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2024Article
- Variance of age-specific log incidence decomposition (VALID): a unifying model of measured and unmeasured genetic and non-genetic risks.International journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Recreational Physical Activity and Outcomes After Breast Cancer in Women at High Familial Risk.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2021Article
- The Impact of a Comprehensive Risk Prediction Model for Colorectal Cancer on a Population Screening Program.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2020Article
- A New Comprehensive Colorectal Cancer Risk Prediction Model Incorporating Family History, Personal Characteristics, and Environmental Factors.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2020Article
- Ability of known susceptibility SNPs to predict colorectal cancer risk for persons with and without a family history.Familial cancer · 2019Article
- Regular use of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and breast cancer risk for women at familial or genetic risk: a cohort study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2019Article
- Article
- Cohort Profile: The Colon Cancer Family Registry Cohort (CCFRC).International journal of epidemiology · 2018Article
- The surprising implications of familial association in disease risk.BMC public health · 2018Article
- Testing for Gene-Environment Interactions Using a Prospective Family Cohort Design: Body Mass Index in Early and Later Adulthood and Risk of Breast Cancer.American journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
- Genetics for population and public health.International journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
- Cohort Profile: The Breast Cancer Prospective Family Study Cohort (ProF-SC).International journal of epidemiology · 2016Article
- Determining the familial risk distribution of colorectal cancer: a data mining approach.Familial cancer · 2016Article
- Breast Cancer Risk Prediction Using Clinical Models and 77 Independent Risk-Associated SNPs for Women Aged Under 50 Years: Australian Breast Cancer Family Registry.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2016Article
- Understanding variation in disease risk: the elusive concept of frailty.International journal of epidemiology · 2015Review
- Paternal sperm DNA methylation associated with early signs of autism risk in an autism-enriched cohort.International journal of epidemiology · 2015Article
- Article
- Phenotype difference between familial and sporadic ankylosing spondylitis in Korean patients.Journal of Korean medical science · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Most common diseases demonstrate familial aggregation; the ratio of the risk for relatives of affected people to the risk for relatives of unaffected people (the familial risk ratio)) > 1. This implies there are underlying genetic and/or environmental risk factors shared by relatives. The risk gradient across this underlying 'familial risk profile', which can be predicted from family history and measured familial risk factors, is typically strong. Under a multiplicative model, the ratio of the risk for people in the upper 25% of familial risk to the risk for those in the lower 25% (the inter-quartile risk gradient) is an order of magnitude greater than the familial risk ratio. If familial risk ratio = 2 for first-degree relatives, in terms of familial risk profile: (a) people in the upper quartile will be at more than 20 times the risk of those in the lower quartile; and (b) about 90% of disease will occur in people above the median. Historically, therefore, epidemiology has compared cases with controls dissimilar for underlying familial risk profile. Were gene-environment and gene-gene interactions to exist, environmental and genetic effects could be stronger for people with increased familial risk profile. Studies in which controls are better matched to cases for familial risk profile might be more informative, especially if both cases and controls are over-sampled for increased familial risk. Prospective family study cohort (ProF-SC) designs involving people across a range of familial risk profile provide such a resource for epidemiological, genetic, behavioural, psycho-social and health utilisation research. The prospective aspect gives credibility to risk estimates. The familial aspect allows family-based designs, matching for unmeasured factors, adjusting for underlying familial risk profile, and enhanced cohort maintenance.
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Registered trials
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