Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21349920›Full record

ArticleHuman molecular genetics2011

FoSTeS, MMBIR and NAHR at the human proximal Xp region and the mechanisms of human Xq isochromosome formation.

George Koumbaris, Hariklia Hatzisevastou-Loukidou, Angelos Alexandrou, Marios Ioannides, Christodoulos Christodoulou, Tomas Fitzgerald, Diana Rajan, Stephen Clayton, Sophia Kitsiou-Tzeli, Joris R Vermeesch and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human molecular genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Chromoanasynthesis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. SETD2 safeguards the genome against isochromosome formation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  8. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 9 institutions in 6 countries.

George KoumbarisDepartment of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Hariklia Hatzisevastou-Loukidou
Angelos Alexandrou
Marios Ioannides
Christodoulos Christodoulou
Tomas Fitzgerald
Diana Rajan
Stephen Clayton
Sophia Kitsiou-Tzeli
Joris R Vermeesch
Nicos Skordis
Pavlos Antoniou
Ants Kurg
Ioannis Georgiou
Nigel P Carter
Philippos C Patsalis
Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics · CYWellcome Sanger Institute · GBArchbishop Makarios III Hospital · CYChildren's Hospital Agia Sophia · GRHippocration General Hospital · GRKU Leuven · BEUniversity Medical Center Utrecht · NLUniversity of Ioannina · GRUniversity of Tartu · EE

Funding

Wellcome Trust 077008
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The recently described DNA replication-based mechanisms of fork stalling and template switching (FoSTeS) and microhomology-mediated break-induced replication (MMBIR) were previously shown to catalyze complex exonic, genic and genomic rearrangements. By analyzing a large number of isochromosomes of the long arm of chromosome X (i(Xq)), using whole-genome tiling path array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), ultra-high resolution targeted aCGH and sequencing, we provide evidence that the FoSTeS and MMBIR mechanisms can generate large-scale gross chromosomal rearrangements leading to the deletion and duplication of entire chromosome arms, thus suggesting an important role for DNA replication-based mechanisms in both the development of genomic disorders and cancer. Furthermore, we elucidate the mechanisms of dicentric i(Xq) (idic(Xq)) formation and show that most idic(Xq) chromosomes result from non-allelic homologous recombination between palindromic low copy repeats and highly homologous palindromic LINE elements. We also show that non-recurrent-breakpoint idic(Xq) chromosomes have microhomology-associated breakpoint junctions and are likely catalyzed by microhomology-mediated replication-dependent recombination mechanisms such as FoSTeS and MMBIR. Finally, we stress the role of the proximal Xp region as a chromosomal rearrangement hotspot.

Indexed as

Base SequenceChromosome BreakageChromosomes, Human, XComparative Genomic HybridizationDNA ReplicationHumansIsochromosomesModels, GeneticMolecular Sequence DataNucleic Acid ConformationPolymorphism, GeneticRecombination, GeneticSequence AlignmentTandem Repeat Sequences

Identifiers

PMID21349920
PMCPMC3428953
OpenAlexW2166620212

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.