ArticleJournal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)2011
Reconstruction of the first-derivative EPR spectrum from multiple harmonics of the field-modulated continuous wave signal.
Article in Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Utilizing Similarity Measures to Map Chemical Reactivity.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Segmented-overlap Fourier filtering and averaging (SOFFA) approach to improve concentration sensitivity of magnetic resonance spectra.Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany) · 2026Article
- Have We Been Teaching Continuous Wave EPR Correctly?Journal of chemical education · 2025Article
- Highly Sensitive Detection of Melanin in Melanomas Using Multi-harmonic Low Frequency EPR.Molecular imaging and biology · 2024Article
- Second-harmonic electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging reveal metallic lithium depositions in Li-ion batteries.Magnetic resonance (Gottingen, Germany) · 2024Article
- Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Implemented with Multiple Harmonic Detections Successfully Maps Extracellular pH In Vivo.Analytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Dispersion EPR: Considerations for Low-Frequency Experiments.Applied magnetic resonance · 2022Article
- General solution for rapid scan EPR deconvolution problem.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2020Article
- Modular imaging system: Rapid scan EPR at 800 MHz.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2019Article
- Resonators for In Vivo Imaging: Practical Experience.Applied magnetic resonance · 2017Article
- Rapid-scan EPR imaging.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2017Review
- Multiharmonic electron paramagnetic resonance for extended samples with both narrow and broad lines.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2015Article
- Digitally generated excitation and near-baseband quadrature detection of rapid scan EPR signals.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2014Article
- The world as viewed by and with unpaired electrons.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2012Article
- Multisite EPR oximetry from multiple quadrature harmonics.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2012Article
- Digital EPR with an arbitrary waveform generator and direct detection at the carrier frequency.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2011Article
- Use of polyphase continuous excitation based on the Frank sequence in EPR.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2011Article
- Rapid frequency scan EPR.Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Selection of the amplitude of magnetic field modulation for continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) often is a trade-off between sensitivity and resolution. Increasing the modulation amplitude improves the signal-to-noise ratio, S/N, at the expense of broadening the signal. Combining information from multiple harmonics of the field-modulated signal is proposed as a method to obtain the first derivative spectrum with minimal broadening and improved signal-to-noise. The harmonics are obtained by digital phase-sensitive detection of the signal at the modulation frequency and its integer multiples. Reconstruction of the first-derivative EPR line is done in the Fourier conjugate domain where each harmonic can be represented as the product of the Fourier transform of the 1st derivative signal with an analytical function. The analytical function for each harmonic can be viewed as a filter. The Fourier transform of the 1st derivative spectrum can be calculated from all available harmonics by solving an optimization problem with the goal of maximizing the S/N. Inverse Fourier transformation of the result produces the 1st derivative EPR line in the magnetic field domain. The use of modulation amplitude greater than linewidth improves the S/N, but does not broaden the reconstructed spectrum. The method works for an arbitrary EPR line shape, but is limited to the case when magnetization instantaneously follows the modulation field, which is known as the adiabatic approximation.
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