ArticleNucleic acids research2011
Mechanisms of single-stranded phosphorothioate modified antisense oligonucleotide accumulation in hepatocytes.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 163 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
163 citing papers in PubMed, 277 citations in OpenAlex.
- RNA therapeutics: current status and future directions.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Naked antisense oligonucleotides remain endolysosomally sequestered despite induced membrane damage.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- CORE: Cholesterol Altered Lipid Nanoparticles for Splenic Expression of mRNA Payloads.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Dysregulation of the DNA damage response by phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Detection of Unlabeled Oligonucleotides in FFPE Tissue Sections Using Automated miRNAscope Assays.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- LncRNA Knockdown Using Gapmer Antisense Oligonucleotides.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- AntimiR uptake by human proximal tubule epithelial cells is predominantly by macropinocytosis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pharmaceutical perspectives on oligonucleotide therapeutics and delivery systems.Pharmacological reviews · 2025Review
- A CRISPR/Cas9 screen reveals proteins at the endosome-Golgi interface that modulate cellular anti-sense oligonucleotide activity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Widespread tissue delivery of antagomiRs via intramuscular administration.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- Neurodegenerative disease-associated microRNAs acting as signaling molecules modulate CNS neuron structure and viability.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Albumin-conjugation enables improved tumor targeting of aptamers via SPECT imaging.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Precision medicine and nucleotide-based therapeutics to treat steatotic liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2025Review
- Endosomal Escape and Nuclear Localization: Critical Barriers for Therapeutic Nucleic Acids.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Technologies for Targeted RNA Degradation and Induced RNA Decay.Chemical reviews · 2024Review
- Regulation of TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) homeostasis by cytosolic DNA accumulation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Article
- Review
- ASP210: a potent oligonucleotide-based inhibitor effective against TKI-resistant CML cells.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2024Article
- Comparing Cell Penetration of Biotherapeutics across Human Cell Lines.ACS chemical biology · 2024Article
- RNAi-based drug design: considerations and future directions.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2024Review
103 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Single-stranded antisense oligonucleotides (SSOs) are used to modulate the expression of genes in animal models and are being investigated as potential therapeutics. To better understand why synthetic SSOs accumulate in the same intracellular location as the target RNA, we have isolated a novel mouse hepatocellular SV40 large T-antigen carcinoma cell line, MHT that maintains the ability to efficiently take up SSOs over several years in culture. Sequence-specific antisense effects are demonstrated at low nanomolar concentrations. SSO accumulation into cells is both time and concentration dependent. At least two distinct cellular pathways are responsible for SSO accumulation in cells: a non-productive pathway resulting in accumulation in lysosomes, and a functional uptake pathway in which the SSO gains access to the targeted RNA. We demonstrate that functional uptake, as defined by a sequence-specific reduction in target mRNA, is inhibited by brefeldin A and chloroquine. Functional uptake is blocked by siRNA inhibitors of the adaptor protein AP2M1, but not by clathrin or caveolin. Furthermore, we document that treatment of mice with an AP2M1 siRNA blocks functional uptake into liver tissue. Functional uptake of SSO appears to be mediated by a novel clathrin- and caveolin-independent endocytotic process.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.