Trial reportJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2011
Phase II trial of pemetrexed and bevacizumab in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer.
Trial report in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemotherapy and immunotherapy for recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer: a systematic review.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2018Pooled it
- Anlotinib for previously treated advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A double-blind randomized phase 2 trial.Cancer medicine · 2021Trial
- Phase III Randomized Trial of Chemotherapy With or Without Bevacizumab in Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2019Trial
- Phase II randomized trial of radiation therapy, cetuximab, and pemetrexed with or without bevacizumab in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2016Trial
- RGD-K5 PET/CT in patients with advanced head and neck cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy: Results from a pilot study.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Cetuximab and bevacizumab: preclinical data and phase II trial in recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2013Trial
- Multi-modality imaging for precise intra-arterial delivery of mRNA, AAVs, and antibodies to the head and neck area in mice.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
- Unravelling molecular mechanism of oral squamous cell carcinoma and genetic landscape: an insight into disease complexity, available therapies, and future considerations.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Tumor hypoxia and role of hypoxia-inducible factor in oral cancer.World journal of surgical oncology · 2024Review
- Monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma: A literature review.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Targeted therapy for head and neck cancer: signaling pathways and clinical studies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Efficacy and feasibility of Apatinib and S-1 as a novel oral induction therapy in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: an exploratory phase 2 open-label, single-arm trial.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Efficacy and safety of apatinib in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective multi-center study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Review
- A review on the advances and challenges of immunotherapy for head and neck cancer.Cancer cell international · 2021Review
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: A Translational View in Oral Non-Communicable Diseases.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- An update on angiogenesis targeting in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Cancers of the head & neck · 2020Review
- EPHB2 carried on small extracellular vesicles induces tumor angiogenesis via activation of ephrin reverse signaling.JCI insight · 2019Article
- Current Prospects of Molecular Therapeutics in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe hypothesized that bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), will potentiate the activity of pemetrexed, a multitargeted antifolate, in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). PATIENTS AND
methodsPatients with previously untreated, recurrent, or metastatic SCCHN were treated with pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2) and bevacizumab 15 mg/kg given intravenously every 21 days with folic acid and B(12) supplementation until disease progression. Primary end point was time-to-progression (TTP). DNA was isolated from whole blood samples for the detection of polymorphisms in thymidylate synthase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and VEGF.
resultsForty patients were enrolled. The median TTP was 5 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 11.3 months. In 37 evaluable patients, the overall response rate was 30%, including a complete response rate of 5%, and the disease control rate was 86%. Grade 3 to 5 bleeding events occurred in six patients (15%): four were grade 3, and two were fatal. Other serious toxicities in 10% or more of patients included neutropenia (10%) and infection (12.5%). One patient died of sepsis after receiving eight cycles of therapy. For the MTHFR A1298C (rs1801131) single nucleotide polymorphisms, homozygote patients with AA had worse OS (P = .034).
conclusionThe addition of bevacizumab to pemetrexed resulted in promising efficacy outcomes in SCCHN. Bleeding events were frequent but some may have been due to natural history of disease. Polymorphisms in MTHFR may offer potential for treatment individualization.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.