Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21339642›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2011

MEK-ERK pathway modulation ameliorates disease phenotypes in a mouse model of Noonan syndrome associated with the Raf1(L613V) mutation.

Xue Wu, Jeremy Simpson, Jenny H Hong, Kyoung-Han Kim, Nirusha K Thavarajah, Peter H Backx, Benjamin G Neel, Toshiyuki Araki

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 140 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
140citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

140 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 230 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Clinical consensus guidelines for the management of Noonan syndrome in Japan.Clinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Tailored therapeutics for cardiomyopathies.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2025
    Review
  8. Mechano-energetic uncoupling in heart failure.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2025
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Cardiovascular aspects of Noonan syndrome and related disorders.Medizinische Genetik : Mitteilungsblatt des Berufsverbandes Medizinische Genetik e.V · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Promising But Not Yet the Promised Land.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Xue WuDepartment of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Jeremy Simpson
Jenny H Hong
Kyoung-Han Kim
Nirusha K Thavarajah
Peter H Backx
Benjamin G Neel
Toshiyuki Araki
Ontario Institute for Cancer Research · CAUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

Signal Transduction by Non-transmembrane PTPsR37CA049152 · NCI · UNIVERSITY HEALTH NETWORK · PI NEEL, BENJAMIN G. · 2004 to 2013
$4.0M
The Ras/Mapk pathway in cardiovascular disease.R01HL083273 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY HEALTH NETWORK · PI BACKX, PETER, NEEL, BENJAMIN G. · 2007 to 2014
$2.7M
CIHR 106526CIHR 153103NCI NIH HHS R37 CA049152NCI NIH HHS R37CA49152NHLBI NIH HHS HL083273NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL083273
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a leading cause of sudden death in children and young adults. Abnormalities in several signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of HCM, but the role of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK MAPK pathway has been controversial. Noonan syndrome (NS) is one of several autosomal-dominant conditions known as RASopathies, which are caused by mutations in different components of this pathway. Germline mutations in RAF1 (which encodes the serine-threonine kinase RAF1) account for approximately 3%-5% of cases of NS. Unlike other NS alleles, RAF1 mutations that confer increased kinase activity are highly associated with HCM. To explore the pathogenesis of such mutations, we generated knockin mice expressing the NS-associated Raf1(L613V) mutation. Like NS patients, mice heterozygous for this mutation (referred to herein as L613V/+ mice) had short stature, craniofacial dysmorphia, and hematologic abnormalities. Valvuloseptal development was normal, but L613V/+ mice exhibited eccentric cardiac hypertrophy and aberrant cardiac fetal gene expression, and decompensated following pressure overload. Agonist-evoked MEK-ERK activation was enhanced in multiple cell types, and postnatal MEK inhibition normalized the growth, facial, and cardiac defects in L613V/+ mice. These data show that different NS genes have intrinsically distinct pathological effects, demonstrate that enhanced MEK-ERK activity is critical for causing HCM and other RAF1-mutant NS phenotypes, and suggest a mutation-specific approach to the treatment of RASopathies.

Indexed as

MutationAllelesAnimalsCardiomyopathy, HypertrophicDisease Models, AnimalExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesFemaleGerm-Line MutationHeterozygoteMaleMiceMice, TransgenicMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinasesNoonan SyndromeProto-Oncogene Proteins c-rafExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf

Identifiers

PMID21339642
PMCPMC3049402
OpenAlexW2016596969

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.