ReviewThe oncologist2011
A review of an unfavorable subset of breast cancer: estrogen receptor positive progesterone receptor negative.
Review in The oncologist, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of PET-based estradiol-challenge test for breast cancer progesterone receptors with response to endocrine therapy.Nature communications · 2021Trial
- Biological fact versus technical artifact in ER negative PR positive breast cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- A tumor-targeted heptamethine cyanine dye induces suppression of progesterone receptor activity to treat hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.Theranostics · 2026Article
- The Age of Molecular Biomarkers: Cancer in the Era of Personalized Medicine. What Do Pathologists in Developing Countries Need to Know and Understand?International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- A Permeabilization Workflow To Enable Specific Multiplexed Profiling Using SERS Nanoparticles.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Article
- Somatic mutation counts as a surrogate marker for tumor mutation burden to predict progesterone receptor-positive (PR+) status in PIK3CA-mutated breast cancer.German medical science : GMS e-journal · 2025Observational
- Ki67 Expression and Its Association With Clinicopathological Factors and Intrinsic Subtypes of Male Breast Cancer in Uganda: A Cross-sectional Study.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2025Article
- Estrogen receptor-negative/progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer has distinct characteristics and pathologic complete response rate after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Diagnostic pathology · 2024Article
- Elevated APE1 Dysregulates Homologous Recombination and Cell Cycle Driving Genomic Evolution, Tumorigenesis, and Chemoresistance in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.Gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Prediction of Oncotype DX Recurrence Score Using Clinicopathological Variables in Estrogen Receptor-Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Breast Cancer.Journal of breast cancer · 2023Article
- Review
- Challenges and opportunities in metastatic breast cancer treatments: Nano-drug combinations delivered preferentially to metastatic cells may enhance therapeutic response.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- Prognostic Relevance of Progesterone Receptor Levels in Early Luminal-Like HER2 Negative Breast Cancer Subtypes: A Retrospective Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Lost but Not Least-Novel Insights into Progesterone Receptor Loss in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2021Review
- Classification of PR-positive and PR-negative subtypes in ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancers based on pathway scores.BMC medical research methodology · 2021Article
- Congenital bilateral cryptorchidism in an infant conceived after maternal breast cancer treatment: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2021Article
- Review
- Estrogen Receptor Positive and Progesterone Receptor Negative Breast Cancer: the Role of Hormone Therapy.Hormones & cancer · 2020Article
- Low RAB6C expression is a predictor of tamoxifen benefit in estrogen receptor-positive/progesterone receptor-negative breast cancer.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER)(+) progesterone receptor (PR)(-) tumors are a distinct subset of breast cancers characterized by aggressive behavior and tamoxifen resistance in spite of being ER(+). They are categorized as luminal B tumors and have greater genomic instability and a higher proliferation rate. High growth factor (GF) signaling and membranous ER activity contribute to the aggressive behavior of these tumors. The absence of PR is attributable to low serum estrogen, low levels of nuclear ER, and features of molecular crosstalk between GFs and membranous ER. PR expression is also downregulated by expression of mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII). This subset of patients has greater expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-1 and HER-2 and active GF signaling mediated by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Currently, aromatase inhibitors, fulvestrant, and chemotherapy may be the favored treatment approaches for this subset of patients. Overcoming tamoxifen resistance with targeted therapies such as gefitinib is being evaluated and strategies involving short courses of tamoxifen have been postulated for prevention of recurrence of this subtype. Understanding the interplay between molecular endocrinology and tumor biology has provided experimental therapeutic insights, and continued work in this area holds the promise of future advances in prognosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.