ArticleInflammation2012
Topical azithromycin and clarithromycin inhibit acute and chronic skin inflammation in sensitized mice, with apparent selectivity for Th2-mediated processes in delayed-type hypersensitivity.
Article in Inflammation, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Immunomodulatory Effects of Macrolides-A Systematic Review of the Underlying Mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Pooled it
- In vivo and in vitro investigation of skin anti-inflammatory effect of Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.).Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Long-term, low-dose macrolide antibiotic treatment in pediatric chronic airway diseases.Pediatric research · 2022Review
- Article
- Pleiotropic effects of antibiotics on T cell metabolism and T cell-mediated immunity.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- The Effects of Antibiotics forAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Delayed Azithromycin Treatment Improves Recovery After Mouse Spinal Cord Injury.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Article
- Azithromycin drives alternative macrophage activation and improves recovery and tissue sparing in contusion spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2015Article
- In Vivo Availability of Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Oxazolone Induced Dermal Inflammation in the Mouse.PloS one · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrolide antibiotics inhibit the secretion of Th1 cytokines while their effects on the release of Th2 cytokines are variable. We investigated molecular and cellular markers of Th1- and Th2-mediated inflammatory mechanisms and the anti-inflammatory activity of azithromycin and clarithromycin in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and oxazolone (OXA)-induced skin inflammation. Dexamethasone (50 μg/ear), azithromycin, and clarithromycin (500 μg/ear) reduced TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-1β concentration in ear tissue by inhibiting inflammatory cell accumulation in PMA-induced inflammation. In OXA-induced early delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), the macrolides (2 mg/ear) and dexamethasone (25 μg/ear) reduced ear tissue inflammatory cell infiltration and secretion of IL-4 while clarithromycin also decreased IFN-γ concentration. Macrolides showed better activity when administered after the challenge. In OXA-induced chronic DTH, azithromycin (1 mg/ear) reduced the number of ear tissue mast cells and decreased the concentration of IL-4 in ear tissue and of immunoglobulin (Ig)E in serum. Clarithromycin (1 mg/ear) reduced serum IgE concentration, possibly by a mechanism independent of IL-4, while both macrolides attenuated mast cell degranulation. In conclusion, azithromycin and clarithromycin attenuate pro-inflammatory cytokine production and leukocyte infiltration during innate immune reactions, while selectively affecting Th2 rather than Th1 immunity in DTH reactions.
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