Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21335545›Full record

ArticleCancer research2011

Protein kinase C δ is a downstream effector of oncogenic K-ras in lung tumors.

Jennifer M Symonds, Angela M Ohm, Cristan J Carter, Lynn E Heasley, Theresa A Boyle, Wilbur A Franklin, Mary E Reyland

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Review
  4. Article
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  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Protein Kinase C as a Therapeutic Target in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Protein kinase C: perfectly balanced.Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology · 2018
    Review
  20. Protein kinase C as a tumor suppressor.Seminars in cancer biology · 2018
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jennifer M SymondsProgram in Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.
Angela M Ohm
Cristan J Carter
Lynn E Heasley
Theresa A Boyle
Wilbur A Franklin
Mary E Reyland
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · US

Funding

Tissue Bank and Biomarkers CoreP50CA058187 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI MILLER, YORK E · 1992 to 2018
$43.8M
Regulation of Salivary Cell Apoptosis by Protein Kinase CR01DE015648 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI REYLAND, MARY ELAINE · 2004 to 2019
$5.6M
Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences InstituteTL1TR001081 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI SOKOL, RONALD J. · 2013 to 2017
$1.3M
Role of JNK Pathway in Lung TumorigenesisR01CA116527 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI HEASLEY, LYNN E · 2007 to 2011
$1.3M
Colorado Clinical and Translational Science Institute (TL1)TL1RR025778 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI SOKOL, RONALD J. · 2008 to 2011
$730k
NCATS NIH HHS TL1 TR001081NCI NIH HHS P50 CA058187NCI NIH HHS P50-CA58187NCI NIH HHS R01 CA116527NCRR NIH HHS TL1 RR025778NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE015648
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Oncogenic activation of K-ras occurs commonly in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but strategies to therapeutically target this pathway have been challenging to develop. Information about downstream effectors of K-ras remains incomplete, and tractable targets are yet to be defined. In this study, we investigated the role of protein kinase C δ (PKCδ) in K-ras-dependent lung tumorigenesis by using a mouse carcinogen model and human NSCLC cells. The incidence of urethane-induced lung tumors was decreased by 69% in PKCδ-deficient knockout (δKO) mice compared with wild-type (δWT) mice. δKO tumors are smaller and showed reduced proliferation. DNA sequencing indicated that all δWT tumors had activating mutations in KRAS, whereas only 69% of δKO tumors did, suggesting that PKCδ acts as a tumor promoter downstream of oncogenic K-ras while acting as a tumor suppressor in other oncogenic contexts. Similar results were obtained in a panel of NSCLC cell lines with oncogenic K-ras but which differ in their dependence on K-ras for survival. RNA interference-mediated attenuation of PKCδ inhibited anchorage-independent growth, invasion, migration, and tumorigenesis in K-ras-dependent cells. These effects were associated with suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation. In contrast, PKCδ attenuation enhanced anchorage-independent growth, invasion, and migration in NSCLC cells that were either K-ras-independent or that had WT KRAS. Unexpectedly, our studies indicate that the function of PKCδ in tumor cells depends on a specific oncogenic context, as loss of PKCδ in NSCLC cells suppressed transformed growth only in cells dependent on oncogenic K-ras for proliferation and survival.

Indexed as

MutationAnimalsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungCell LineCell Line, TumorCell MovementCell ProliferationCell SurvivalEnzyme ActivationFemaleHumansImmunoblottingLung NeoplasmsMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesProtein Kinase C-deltaras ProteinsUrethane

Identifiers

PMID21335545
PMCPMC3271733
OpenAlexW2112863582

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.