Trial reportCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2011
Increased risk of lung cancer in men with tuberculosis in the alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene cancer prevention study.
Trial report in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lung cancer occurrence after an episode of tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Circulating markers of interstitial lung disease and subsequent risk of lung cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2011Trial
- Restrictive lung function and smoking increase lung cancer risk in tuberculosis survivors: a cohort study.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- Tuberculosis Preceding Lung Cancer: A Contemporary Meta-Analysis Revealing a Critical Gap in Post-2020 Evidence.Cancers · 2026Review
- Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Women: Experience From the National Institute of Oncology, Rabat, Morocco.Cureus · 2025Article
- Where lung cancer and tuberculosis intersect: recent advances.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Risk of Lung Cancer and Risk Factors of Lung Cancer in People Infected with Tuberculosis.Journal of cancer prevention · 2024Article
- Review
- Acidovorax temperans skews neutrophil maturation and polarizes Th17 cells to promote lung adenocarcinoma development.Oncogenesis · 2024Article
- Detailed Characterization of the Lung-Gut Microbiome Axis Reveals the Link between PD-L1 and the Microbiome in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Lung cancer in patients who have never smoked - an emerging disease.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Significance of extracellular vesicles in orchestration of immune responses inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Progress in mechanism-based diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis comorbid with tumor.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Increased Lung Cancer Risk and Associated Risk Factors in Tuberculosis Survivors: A Korean Population-Based Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Subtype-Based Microbial Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2023Article
- Exploring the microbiome: Uncovering the link with lung cancer and implications for diagnosis and treatment.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2023Review
- New progress of tuberculosis scar carcinoma.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2023Review
- Coexistence of pulmonary tuberculosis and small cell lung carcinoma: A significant problem in tuberculosis-endemic country?Narra J · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLung cancer and tuberculosis cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Tuberculosis may increase lung cancer risk through substantial and prolonged pulmonary inflammation. However, prospective data on tuberculosis and lung cancer risk are limited.
methodsOur study included 29,133 Finnish male smokers followed prospectively in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study (1985-2005). Lung cancers were identified through linkage with the Finnish Cancer Registry, and hospital-treated tuberculosis cases were ascertained from the National Hospital Discharge Register. We assessed the association between tuberculosis and lung cancer risk with proportional hazards regression models, adjusting for age and cigarette smoking.
resultsForty-four lung cancer cases occurred among 273 men with tuberculosis (incidence rate = 1,786 per 100,000 person-years). Tuberculosis was associated with a two-fold elevation in lung cancer risk (HR = 1.97; 95% CI = 1.46-2.65) with significant associations observed for both incident (HR = 2.05; 95% CI = 1.42-2.96) and prevalent tuberculosis (HR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.09-3.02). Lung cancer risk was greatest in the 2-year window after tuberculosis diagnosis (HR = 5.01; 95% CI = 2.96-8.48) but remained elevated at longer latencies (HR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.07-2.20). Though tuberculosis was associated with an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma (HR = 3.71), adenocarcinoma (HR = 1.71), small cell carcinoma (HR = 1.72), and lung cancer of other (HR = 1.23) and unknown histologies (HR = 1.35), only the association for squamous cell carcinoma was statistically significant.
conclusionsTuberculosis is associated with increased lung cancer risk in male smokers. IMPACT: Our results add to the growing body of evidence implicating chronic inflammation and pulmonary scarring in the etiology of lung cancer.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.