ArticleNeuroscience2011
Heme oxygenase 1, beneficial role in permanent ischemic stroke and in Gingko biloba (EGb 761) neuroprotection.
Article in Neuroscience, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy of Chinese herbal injections for treating acute cerebral infarction: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Method parameters' impact on mortality and variability in mouse stroke experiments: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Role of Ginkgo biloba extract as an adjunctive treatment of elderly patients with depression and on the expression of serum S100B.Medicine · 2018Trial
- T817MA attenuates oxidative stress and ER stress via the HSP70-HSP90 pathway after brain ischemiaFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine in the management of ischemic stroke: a narrative review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Nrf2 and Ferroptosis: A New Research Direction for Ischemic Stroke.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- The Role of Concomitant Nrf2 Targeting and Stem Cell Therapy in Cerebrovascular Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Identification of potential drug targets for vascular dementia and carotid plaques by analyzing underlying molecular signatures shared by them.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- 4-Ethylguaiacol Modulates Neuroinflammation and Promotes Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression to Ameliorate Brain Injury in Ischemic Stroke.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Antioxidant Phenylpropanoid Glycosides fromPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Shogaol potentiates sevoflurane mediated neuroprotection against ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury via regulating apoptotic proteins and PI3K/Akt/mTOR/s6K signalling and HIF-1α/HO-1 expression.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2021Article
- Ginkwanghols A and B, osteogenic coumaric acid-aliphatic alcohol hybrids from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba.Archives of pharmacal research · 2021Article
- Neuroinflammation in Post-Ischemic Neurodegeneration of the Brain: Friend, Foe, or Both?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms in Ischemic Stroke: Focus on Cardioembolic Stroke, Background, and Therapeutic Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Therapeutic potential of natural compounds from Chinese medicine in acute and subacute phases of ischemic stroke.Neural regeneration research · 2020Review
- The Use of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Migraine.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Chloride intracellular channel 4 participate in the protective effect of Ginkgolide B in MPP+ injured MN9D cells: insight from proteomic analysis.Clinical proteomics · 2020Article
- Ginkgolide B Maintains Calcium Homeostasis in Hypoxic Hippocampal Neurons by Inhibiting Calcium Influx and Intracellular Calcium Release.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2020Article
- Article
- Carbon monoxide attenuates vasospasm and improves neurobehavioral function after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Archives of biochemistry and biophysics · 2019Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, a popular and standardized natural extract, contains 24% ginkgo-flavonol glycosides and 6% terpene lactones. EGb 761 is used worldwide to treat many ailments, and although a number of studies have shown its neuroprotective properties, the mechanisms of action have not been elucidated fully. We hypothesize that EGb 761 and some of its bioactive components [Bilobalide (BB), Ginkgolide A (GA), Ginkgolide B (GB), and Terpene Free Material (TFM)] could provide neuroprotection in ischemic conditions through heme oxygenase 1 (HO1). Mice were subjected to permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) and survived for 7 days. HO1 knockout (HO1⁻/⁻) mice showed significantly higher (P<0.05) infarct volume and Neurologic Deficit Scores (NDS) as compared to their wildtype (WT) counterparts. In another cohort, WT mice subjected to pMCAO and treated at 4 h of pMCAO with 100 mg/kg EGb 761, 6 mg/kg BB, GA, GB, or 10 mg/kg TFM showed significantly lower (P<0.05) infarct volumes (BB; 29.0±3.9%, GA; 31.3±4.0%, GB; 32.0±3.8%, TFM; 32.5±3.5%, and EGb 761; 27.4±4.5%) than those in the vehicle-treated mice (46.0±3.7%). Similarly, NDS were lower in BB; 7.1±1.8, GA; 7.4±2.1, GB; 7.9±1.8, TFM; 7.7±1.7, and EGb 761; 6.8±2.0 groups as compared with the vehicle-treated group (13.8±1.5). Interestingly, the protective effect of EGb 761 was essentially lost when HO1 knockout mice were treated with EGb 761. In another cohort, HO1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein levels in the brain cortices appeared to be higher in EGb 761 and BB but not in GA, GB and TFM treated groups. Together, these results suggest that HO1 plays, at least in part, an important role in the neuroprotective mechanism of EGb 761 and in delayed ischemia. Targeting this pathway could lead to neuroprotective agents against ischemic stroke.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.