Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21330366›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2011

Beta2-adrenergic receptor lysosomal trafficking is regulated by ubiquitination of lysyl residues in two distinct receptor domains.

Kunhong Xiao, Sudha K Shenoy

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Lighting up Nobel Prize-winning studies with protein intrinsic disorder.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Analysis of βProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Regulation of G Protein-Coupled Receptors by Ubiquitination.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kunhong XiaoDepartment of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. khxiao@receptor-biol.duke.edu
Sudha K Shenoy
Duke University · USDuke University Hospital · US

Funding

E3 Ligases and Deubiquitinases in GPCR Down RegulationR01HL080525 · NHLBI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI SHENOY, SUDHA K · 2005 to 2014
$3.3M
NHLBI NIH HHS HL080525NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL080525
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Agonist stimulation of the β2-adrenergic receptors (β2ARs) leads to their ubiquitination and lysosomal degradation. Inhibition of lysosomal proteases results in the stabilization and retention of internalized full-length β2ARs in the lysosomes, whereas inhibition of proteasomal proteases stabilizes newly synthesized β2ARs in nonlysosomal compartments. Additionally, a lysine-less β2AR (0K-β2AR) that is deficient in ubiquitination and degradation is not sorted to lysosomes unlike the WT β2AR, which is sorted to lysosomes. Thus, lysosomes are the primary sites for the degradation of agonist-activated, ubiquitinated β2ARs. To identify the specific site(s) of ubiquitination required for lysosomal sorting of the β2AR, four mutants, with lysines only in one intracellular domain, namely, loop 1, loop 2, loop 3, and carboxyl tail were generated. All of these receptor mutants coupled to G proteins, recruited β-arrestin2, and internalized just as the WT β2AR. However, only loop 3 and carboxyl tail β2ARs with lysines in the third intracellular loop or in the carboxyl tail were ubiquitinated and sorted for lysosomal degradation. As a complementary approach, we performed MS-based proteomic analyses to directly identify ubiquitination sites within the β2AR. We overexpressed and purified the β2AR from HEK-293 cells with or without prior agonist exposure and subjected trypsin-cleaved β2AR to LC-MS/MS analyses. We identified ubiquitinated lysines in the third intracellular loop (Lys-263 and Lys-270) and in the carboxyl tail (Lys-348, Lys-372, and Lys-375) of the β2AR. These findings introduce a new concept that two distinct domains in the β2AR are involved in ubiquitination and lysosomal degradation, contrary to the generalization that such regulatory mechanisms occur mainly at the carboxyl tails of GPCRs and other transmembrane receptors.

Indexed as

Adrenergic beta-AgonistsHEK293 CellsHumansImmunoblottingImmunoprecipitationIsoproterenolLysosomesMass SpectrometryMicroscopy, ConfocalProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexProtein TransportProteomicsReceptors, Adrenergic, beta-2Tandem Mass SpectrometryUbiquitinationAdrenergic beta-AgonistsIsoproterenolProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexReceptors, Adrenergic, beta-2

Identifiers

PMID21330366
PMCPMC3069478
OpenAlexW2059960663

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.