Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21327033›Full record

ArticleGut microbes2010

In-depth genetic analysis of Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 027 strains reveals high genome fluidity including point mutations and inversions.

Richard A Stabler, Esmeralda Valiente, Lisa F Dawson, Miao He, Julian Parkhill, Brendan W Wren

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gut microbes, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Microbial genomics · 2021
    Article
  4. Microorganisms · 2021
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Transition From PCR-Ribotyping to Whole Genome Sequencing Based Typing ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Genomics of the Pathogenic Clostridia.Microbiology spectrum · 2019
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Culture-independence for surveillance and epidemiology.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2013
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Richard A StablerLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; London, UK.
Esmeralda Valiente
Lisa F Dawson
Miao He
Julian Parkhill
Brendan W Wren

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Previously, we demonstrated that the recently evolved PCR-ribotype 027 hypervirulent Clostridium difficile strain (R20291) has acquired five genetic regions compared to the historic 027 counterpart strain (CD196), that may in part explain phenotypic traits relating to survival, antimicrobial resistance and virulence. Closer scrutiny of the three genome sequences reveals that, in addition to gene gain/loss, point mutations and inversions appear to have accumulated. Inversions are located upstream of potential coding sequences and could affect expression of these. C. difficile has a highly fluid genome with multiple mechanisms to modify its genetic content and is continuing to evolve in our hospitals influenced by environmental changes and human activity.

Identifiers

PMID21327033
PMCPMC3023608

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.