ArticleGut microbes2010
Guide to designing, conducting, publishing and communicating results of clinical studies involving probiotic applications in human participants.
Article in Gut microbes, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Orally Ingested Probiotic, Prebiotic, and Synbiotic Interventions as Countermeasures for Gastrointestinal Tract Infections in Nonelderly Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diarrhea.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Guideline
- Human Systemic Immune Response to Ingestion of the Oral Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius BLIS K12.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2021Trial
- Probiotics and Maternal Mental Health: A Randomised Controlled Trial among Pregnant Women with Obesity.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics as Oral Supplements for Skin Health, Function, and Disease Throughout the Life Course: A Scoping Review.Nutrition reviews · 2026Article
- Mariculture Probiotics: A Scoping Review of Research Trends, Knowledge Gaps and Opportunities.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Safety and Effectiveness of Probiotic Preparations: A Contemporary Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Probiotic Human Study Design and Reporting (PRODARE): Recommendations to Improve Research Practice.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Human Clinical Trials of Probiotics: A Call to Improve Study Design, Conduct, and Reporting.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Emerging Microbiome-Based Therapies for Skin Infections: From Probiotics and Prebiotics to Synthetic Microbiome Engineering.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Effects ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Article
- Design and reporting of prebiotic and probiotic clinical trials in the context of diet and the gut microbiome.Nature microbiology · 2024Review
- Comparing technology and regulatory landscape of probiotics as food, dietary supplements and live biotherapeutics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Current use of complementary and conventional medicine for treatment of pediatric patients with gastrointestinal disorders.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Considerations for determining safety of probiotics: A USP perspective.Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP · 2022Review
- Clinical Trials of Probiotics in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Some Points to Consider.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2022Review
- Best Practices for Probiotic Research in Athletic and Physically Active Populations: Guidance for Future Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Probiotics for the Prevention of Acute Respiratory-Tract Infections in Older People: Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The heterogeneity of human clinical trials to assess the effectiveness of probiotics presents challenges regarding interpretation and comparison. Evidence obtained from clinical trials among a population with a disease or specific risk factors may not be generalizable to healthy individuals. The evaluation of interventions in healthy persons requires careful selection of outcomes due to the absence of health indicators and the low incidence of preventable conditions. Given the tremendous resources invested in such trials, development of consistent approaches to assessing the effectiveness of probiotics would be beneficial. Furthermore, the reporting, presentation and communication of results may also affect the validity of the scientific evidence obtained from a trial. This review outlines the challenges associated with the design, implementation, data analysis and interpretation of clinical trials in humans involving probiotics. Best practices related to their design are offered along with recommendations for enhanced collaboration to advance research in this emerging field.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.