ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2011
CYP2D6 inhibition and breast cancer recurrence in a population-based study in Denmark.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- CYP2D6 Phenotype and Breast Cancer Outcomes: A Bias Analysis and Meta-Analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Cytochrome P-450 2D6 (CYP2D6) Genotype and Breast Cancer Recurrence in Tamoxifen-Treated Patients: Evaluating the Importance of Loss of Heterozygosity.American journal of epidemiology · 2017Pooled it
- Metabolism and transport of tamoxifen in relation to its effectiveness: new perspectives on an ongoing controversy.Future oncology (London, England) · 2014Pooled it
- CYP2D6 genotype and tamoxifen response for breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2013Pooled it
- Interactions between immunity, proliferation and molecular subtype in breast cancer prognosis.Genome biology · 2013Trial
- CYP2D6 metabolism and patient outcome in the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group trial (ABCSG) 8.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2013Trial
- CYP2D6 genotype and tamoxifen response in postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive breast cancer: the breast international group 1-98 trial.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2012Trial
- Concurrent Antidepressant Use and Metastasis Risk Among Women Receiving Tamoxifen for Breast Cancer: A Real-World Cohort Study.Psycho-oncology · 2026Article
- Genetic variants in tamoxifen metabolism and early treatment discontinuation among premenopausal breast cancer patients.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Drug Interactions With Tamoxifen and Treatment Effectiveness in Premenopausal Breast Cancer Patients: A Bayesian Joint Modeling Approach.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2025Article
- Could differential underreporting of loneliness between men and women bias the gender-specific association between loneliness duration and rate of memory decline? A probabilistic bias analysis of effect modification.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Using Capture-Recapture Methodology to Enhance Precision of Representative Sampling-Based Case Count Estimates.Journal of survey statistics and methodology · 2022Article
- Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression and breast cancer recurrence in a Danish population-based case control study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2021Article
- Preliminary Pharmacogenomic-Based Predictive Models of Tamoxifen Response in Hormone-dependent Chilean Breast Cancer Patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Metabolic Pathway Analysis and Effectiveness of Tamoxifen in Danish Breast Cancer Patients.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2020Article
- 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1:2 and breast cancer recurrence: a Danish population-based study.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2020Article
- Digital Image Analysis of Ki-67 Stained Tissue Microarrays and Recurrence in Tamoxifen-Treated Breast Cancer Patients.Clinical epidemiology · 2020Article
- Hormonal status affects plasma exposure of tamoxifen and its main metabolites in tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2019Article
- Genetic and molecular biology of breast cancer among Iranian patients.Journal of translational medicine · 2019Review
- Expression of survivin does not appear to influence breast cancer recurrence risk.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) inhibition reduces the concentration of 4-hydroxylated tamoxifen metabolites, but the clinical relevance remains uncertain.
methodsWe conducted a large case-control study nested in the population of 11 251 women aged 35-69 years at diagnosis of stage I-III breast cancer between 1985 and 2001 on Denmark's Jutland Peninsula and registered with the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group. We identified 541 recurrent or contralateral breast cancers among women with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) disease treated with tamoxifen for at least 1 year and 300 cancers in women with ER-negative (ER-) disease never treated with tamoxifen. We matched one control subject per case patient on ER status, menopausal status, stage, calendar time, and county, genotyped the CYP2D6*4 allele to assess genetic inhibition, and ascertained prescription history to assess drug-drug inhibition. We estimated the odds ratio (OR), associating CYP2D6 inhibition with breast cancer recurrence and adjusted for potential confounding with logistic regression. To address bias from incomplete information on CYP2D6 function, we used Monte Carlo simulation to complete a record-level probabilistic bias analysis. All statistical tests were two-sided.
resultsThe frequency of the CYP2D6*4 minor allele was 24% in case patients with ER+ tumors, 23% in case patients with ER- tumors, and 22% each in control subjects with ER+ and ER- tumors. In women with ER+ tumors, the associations of one functional allele with recurrence (OR = 0.99; 95% confidence interval = 0.76 to 1.3) and no functional allele with recurrence (OR = 1.4; 95% confidence interval = 0.84 to 2.3) were near null, as were those for women with ER- tumors. The near-null associations persisted when evaluated by intake of medications, by combining genotype with medication history, in the probabilistic bias analysis, or by restricting the analysis to women with ER expression confirmed by re-assay.
conclusionThe association between CYP2D6 inhibition and recurrence in tamoxifen-treated patients is likely null or small.
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