ReviewBritish journal of pharmacology2011
The dual neuroprotective-neurotoxic profile of cannabinoid drugs.
Review in British journal of pharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Measuring white matter microstructure in 1,457 cannabis users and 1,441 controls: A systematic review of diffusion-weighted MRI studies.Frontiers in neuroimaging · 2023Pooled it
- Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Modulates Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Female Wistar Rats: Interaction with Estradiol.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Memory impairment and chronic high-dose Δ9-THC/cannabis exposure: a narrative review of molecular mechanisms underlying neurotoxic effects.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Cannabinoid Signaling and Autophagy in Oral Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cannabinoids' Role in Modulating Central and Peripheral Immunity in Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- ΔJournal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- THC and CBD: Villain versus Hero? Insights into Adolescent Exposure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Marijuana's potential in neurodegenerative diseases: an editorial.AIMS neuroscience · 2023Article
- Hippocampal differential expression underlying the neuroprotective effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol microdose on old mice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cannabinoid receptor CB2 ablation protects against TAU induced neurodegeneration.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2021Article
- The Endocannabinoid System and Invertebrate Neurodevelopment and Regeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- High Doses of ΔClinical drug investigation · 2020Review
- Cannabinoids in the Pathophysiology of Skin Inflammation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Aging circadian rhythms and cannabinoids.Neurobiology of aging · 2019Review
- Cannabinoid Actions on Neural Stem Cells: Implications for Pathophysiology.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Enhancing effects of acute exposure to cannabis smoke on working memory performance.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2019Article
- The role of CA1 CB1 receptors on lithium-induced spatial memory impairment in rats.EXCLI journal · 2018Article
- Distinct effects of childhood ADHD and cannabis use on brain functional architecture in young adults.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2017Article
- Protective Effect of Antioxidants on Neuronal Dysfunction and Plasticity in Huntington's Disease.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2017Review
- Endocannabinoids: A Promising Impact for Traumatic Brain Injury.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extensive in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that cannabinoid drugs have neuroprotective properties and suggested that the endocannabinoid system may be involved in endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms. On the other hand, neurotoxic effects of cannabinoids in vitro and in vivo were also described. Several possible explanations for these dual, opposite effects of cannabinoids on cellular fate were suggested, and it is conceivable that various factors may determine the final outcome of the cannabinoid effect in vivo. In the current review, we focus on one of the possible reasons for the dual neuroprotective/neurotoxic effects of cannabinoids in vivo, namely, the opposite effects of low versus high doses of cannabinoids. While many studies reported neuroprotective effects of the conventional doses of cannabinoids in various experimental models for acute brain injuries, we have shown that a single administration of an extremely low dose of Δ(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (3-4 orders of magnitude lower than the conventional doses) to mice induced long-lasting mild cognitive deficits that affected various aspects of memory and learning. These findings led to the idea that this low dose of THC, which induces minor damage to the brain, may activate preconditioning and/or postconditioning mechanisms and thus will protect the brain from more severe insults. Indeed, our recent findings support this assumption and show that a pre- or a postconditioning treatment with extremely low doses of THC, several days before or after brain injury, provides effective long-term cognitive neuroprotection. The future therapeutical potential of these findings is discussed.
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