ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2011
Primordial linkage of β2-microglobulin to the MHC.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Intense light mitigates hypoxia-induced right ventricular remodeling and dysfunction through reducing inflammation associated with PF4Genes & diseases · 2026Article
- Origin of immunoglobulins and T cell receptors: A candidate gene for invasion by the RAG transposon.Science advances · 2025Article
- Hydrophobic Interactions in Aqueous Osmolyte Solutions: Thermodynamics of Solvation and Implication on Protein Stability.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2025Article
- Extraordinary diversity of the CD28/CTLA4 family across jawed vertebrates.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Molecular Characteristics, Functional Definitions, and Regulatory Mechanisms for Cross-Presentation Mediated by the Major Histocompatibility Complex: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- An Ancestral Major Histocompatibility Complex Organization in Cartilaginous Fish: Reconstructing MHC Origin and Evolution.Molecular biology and evolution · 2023Article
- An Ancient MHC-Linked Gene Encodes a Nonrearranging Shark Antibody, UrIg, Convergent with IgG.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Higher serum β2-microglobulin is a predictive biomarker for cognitive impairment in spinal cord injury.PeerJ · 2023Article
- The new W family reconstructs the evolution of MHC genes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Discovery of an ancient MHC category with both class I and class II features.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Analysis of shark NCR3 family genes reveals primordial features of vertebrate NKp30.Immunogenetics · 2021Article
- A Highly Complex, MHC-Linked, 350 Million-Year-Old Shark Nonclassical Class I Lineage.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- The Structure of a Peptide-Loaded Shark MHC Class I Molecule Reveals Features of the Binding between βJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Structural Comparison Between MHC Classes I and II; in Evolution, a Class-II-Like Molecule Probably Came First.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Cartilaginous fish class II genes reveal unprecedented old allelic lineages and confirm the late evolutionary emergence of DM.Molecular immunology · 2020Article
- The Mechanism of β2m Molecule-Induced Changes in the Peptide Presentation Profile in a Bony Fish.iScience · 2020Article
- An Ancient, MHC-Linked, Nonclassical Class I Lineage in Cartilaginous Fish.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Inferring the "Primordial Immune Complex": Origins of MHC Class I and Antigen Receptors Revealed by Comparative Genomics.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Review
- Evidence for a Causal Role of the SH2B3-βHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
β2-Microglobulin (β2M) is believed to have arisen in a basal jawed vertebrate (gnathostome) and is the essential L chain that associates with most MHC class I molecules. It contains a distinctive molecular structure called a constant-1 Ig superfamily domain, which is shared with other adaptive immune molecules including MHC class I and class II. Despite its structural similarity to class I and class II and its conserved function, β2M is encoded outside the MHC in all examined species from bony fish to mammals, but it is assumed to have translocated from its original location within the MHC early in gnathostome evolution. We screened a nurse shark bacterial artificial chromosome library and isolated clones containing β2M genes. A gene present in the MHC of all other vertebrates (ring3) was found in the bacterial artificial chromosome clone, and the close linkage of ring3 and β2M to MHC class I and class II genes was determined by single-strand conformational polymorphism and allele-specific PCR. This study satisfies the long-held conjecture that β2M was linked to the primordial MHC (Ur MHC); furthermore, the apparent stability of the shark genome may yield other genes predicted to have had a primordial association with the MHC specifically and with immunity in general.
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