Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21320126›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurochemistry2011

Targets for AD treatment: conflicting messages from γ-secretase inhibitors.

Kumar Sambamurti, Nigel H Greig, Tadanobu Utsuki, Eliza L Barnwell, Ekta Sharma, Cheryl Mazell, Narayan R Bhat, Mark S Kindy, Debomoy K Lahiri, Miguel A Pappolla

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurochemistry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Lessons from a BACE1 inhibitor trial: off-site but not off base.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2014
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Major carboxyl terminal fragments generated by γ-secretase processing of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor are 50 and 51 amino acids long.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2013
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kumar SambamurtiDepartment of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA. sambak@musc.edu
Nigel H Greig
Tadanobu Utsuki
Eliza L Barnwell
Ekta Sharma
Cheryl Mazell
Narayan R Bhat
Mark S Kindy
Debomoy K Lahiri
Miguel A Pappolla
Medical University of South Carolina · USIndiana University School of MedicineNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Design And Development Of Experimental Therapeutics ((Systemic & Neurodegenerative Disorders and Alzheimer's Disease)ZIAAG000311 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI GREIG, NIGEL H. · 2009 to 2025
$16.0M
Regulation of APP Pathway Gene Promoters in Alzheimer'sR01AG018379 · NIA · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI LAHIRI, DEBOMOY K · 2000 to 2011
$3.1M
Mechanisms of Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Beta-amyloidR01AG018884 · NIA · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI LAHIRI, DEBOMOY K · 2002 to 2012
$2.9M
Cholesterol and amyloidogenesisR01AG022103 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA · PI SAMBAMURTI, KUMAR · 2003 to 2007
$1.7M
Regulation and Cell Biology of Beta-SecretaseR01AG023055 · NIA · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI SAMBAMURTI, KUMAR · 2004 to 2008
$1.2M
Neuroinflammation in Cholesterol-Induced AD PathogenesisR01NS051575 · NINDS · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI BHAT, NARAYAN R · 2006 to 2009
$1.1M
Intramural NIH HHSNIA NIH HHS AG022103NIA NIH HHS AG023055NIA NIH HHS AG18379NIA NIH HHS AG18884NIA NIH HHS R01 AG018379NIA NIH HHS R01 AG018884NIA NIH HHS R01 AG022103NIA NIH HHS R01 AG023055NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS051575
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Current evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multi-factorial disease that starts with accumulation of multiple proteins. We have previously proposed that inhibition of γ-secretase may impair membrane recycling causing neurodegeneration starting at synapses (Sambamurti K., Suram A., Venugopal C., Prakasam A., Zhou Y., Lahiri D. K. and Greig N. H. A partial failure of membrane protein turnover may cause Alzheimer's disease: a new hypothesis. Curr. Alzheimer Res., 3, 2006, 81). We also proposed familal AD mutations increase Aβ42 by inhibiting γ-secretase. Herein, we discuss the failure of Eli Lilly's γ-secretase inhibitor, semagacestat, in clinical trials in the light of our hypothesis, which extends the problem beyond toxicity of Aβ aggregates. We elaborate that γ-secretase inhibitors lead to accumulation of amyloid precursor protein C-terminal fragments that can later be processed by γ-secretase to yields bursts of Aβ to facilitate aggregation. Although we do not exclude a role for toxic Aβ aggregates, inhibition of γ-secretase can affect numerous substrates other than amyloid precursor protein to affect multiple pathways and the combined accumulation of multiple peptides in the membrane may impair its function and turnover. Taken together, protein processing and turnover pathways play an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and unless we clearly see consistent disease-related increase in their levels or activity, we need to focus on preserving their function rather than inhibiting them for treatment of AD and similar diseases.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAmyloid Precursor Protein SecretasesAnimalsEnzyme InhibitorsHumansAmyloid Precursor Protein SecretasesEnzyme Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID21320126
PMCPMC3076515
OpenAlexW1501971533

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.